Wicked problems and the welfare state : Segregation in Finnish urban planning policy

Katriina Rosengren

Wicked problems and the welfare state : Segregation in Finnish urban planning policy

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Viheliäiset ongelmat hyvinvointivaltiossa: Segregaatio kaupunkipoltiikassa

Katriina Rosengren

Arkkitehtuurin laitos

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Segregaatio on suhteellinen uusi tutkimusaihe Suomessa. Segregaatio on kuitenkin voimistunut 2000-luvulla kaikissa Suomen suurimmissa kaupungeissa haastaen hyvinvointivaltion eetoksen. Väitöskirjan neljä artikkelia tutkivat sosiaalisen, fyysisen ja koetun kaupungin välistä vuorovaikutusta sekä kunkin ulottuvuuden roolia segregaatioprosessissa. Kolme ensimmäistä artikkelia keskittyvät pääkaupunkiseutuun ja analysoivat segregaation ja saavutettavuuden sekä sosiaalisen sekoittamisen yhteyttä. Viimeinen artikkeli kysyy, miten segregaatio tunnistetaan Suomen suurimmissa kaupungeissa. Asukaskokemukset ovat yhteydessä valikoivaan muuttoliikkeeseen, joka puolestaan on yksi segregaatioprosessin ajureista. Pääkaupunkiseudulla on yhteys asuinaluetyytyväisyyden, asuinalueen sosioekonomisen aseman sekä ARA-vuokra-asuntojen osuuden välillä. Asuinaluetyytyväisyys vaihtelee hallintamuodon mukaan: kaupunkien ARA-vuokra-asukkaat kokevat asuinaluetyytyväisyytensä, elämänlaatunsa ja alueensa turvallisuuden huonompina kuin omistusasunnoissa asuvat, vaikka objektiivisesti mitattuna eroja esim. palveluiden sijainnissa ei ole hallintamuotojen välillä. Sosiaalinen sekoittaminen näyttää siis onnistuneen paremmin tasaarvoisen palveluverkon luomisessa kuin subjektiivisten kokemusten tasaamisessa hallintamuotojen välillä. Segregaation kehityssuunta koetaan huolestuttavana ja toimenpiteitä vaativana. Segregaatio on kuitenkin huonosti artikuloitu kaupunkipolitiikassa, vaikkakin esiintyy pääkaupunkiseudun kaupunkien, seudun ja valtion ylätavoitteena. Viimeinen artikkeli toteaa, että segregaation tunnistaminen riippuu kaupungin koosta ja kaupunkipolitiikan ’kivijalasta’. Segregaation maininta ylätavoitteena ei takaa ilmiön kanavoitumista kaupunkipoliittisiin ohjelmiin eksplisiittisinä toimenpiteinä. Lisäksi segregaatiotoimenpiteet rajoittuvat yksittäisiin kaupunkeihin, vaikka ilmiö on seudullinen. Valtion ailahteleva asuntopolitiikka on lisäksi vaikeuttanut segregaation torjuntaa. Kun mikään hallinon taso ei saa otetta kehitykseen, segregaatio uhkaa muuntua sosio-spatiaalisesta ongelmasta vaikeammin ratkaistavissa olevaksi, rakenteelliseksi ongelmaksi.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Viheliäiset ongelmat hyvinvointivaltiossa: Segregaatio kaupunkipoltiikassa
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Joutsiniemi, Anssi, Vastuuprofessori Kauppinen, Timo, Ohjaaja, Ulkoinen henkilö Lilius, Johanna, Ohjaaja
Julkaisupaikka	Espoo
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-64-2196-4
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-64-2197-1
Tila	Julkaistu - 2024
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

segregaatio
sosiaalinen sekoittaminen
ARA-vuokra-asunnot
asuinaluetyyvyäisyys
kaupunkipolitiikka
viheliäiset ongelmat

YK:n kestävän kehityksen tavoitteet

Tämä tuotos edistää seuraavia kestävän kehityksen tavoitteita:

Pääsy asiakirjaan

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-64-2197-1

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title = "Wicked problems and the welfare state : Segregation in Finnish urban planning policy",

abstract = "Segregation is a relatively new research topic in Finland. Levels of residential segregation are growing, presenting a problem for the welfare state ethos. This thesis investigates how urbanplanning policy deals with the 'problem' of segregation in Finland. The four articles study the interrelationship between the social, the physical, and the perceived city and each dimension's role in the segregation cycle. The first three articles concentrate on the Helsinki metropolitan area, analyzing the social dimension of institutionalized urban policies such as transit-oriented development and social mixing. The last article examines how segregation is recognized in the twenty largest Finnish cities. Perceptions are of interest to urban planning, as they are linked to selective moving patterns, which are one driver of the segregation process. The first article finds interlinkages between neighborhood satisfaction, socioeconomic status, and the share of social housing in neighborhoods. The second article finds differences in neighborhood satisfaction by tenure status, with municipal tenants reporting lower neighborhood satisfaction, quality of life, and perceived safety than homeowners. The second article concludes that while social mixing seems to have bridged the gap in spatial justice among different tenure groups, it has not managed to equalize neighborhood perceptions in the Helsinki metropolitan area. The third article concludes that while the segregation trajectory in the Helsinki metropolitan area is perceived as alarming and needing intervention, governance capacity is lacking: segregation is poorly articulated and yet to be institutionalized. The fourth article concludes that acknowledging segregation depends on city size and urban policy framework. Where segregation is named as a goal, it is often not translated into explicit actions in local policies. Segregation is mostly targeted with housing and land use policies, cornerstones of the local autonomy. This model works poorly in a situation where segregation is a regional issue. Governance capacity is also lacking on the state level, where housing policies affecting segregation are volatile. Insufficient governance capacity carries a risk: spatial inequalities may eventually become structural and cemented.",

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author = "Katriina Rosengren",

year = "2024",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-64-2196-4",

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T1 - Wicked problems and the welfare state : Segregation in Finnish urban planning policy

AU - Rosengren, Katriina

PY - 2024

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N2 - Segregation is a relatively new research topic in Finland. Levels of residential segregation are growing, presenting a problem for the welfare state ethos. This thesis investigates how urbanplanning policy deals with the 'problem' of segregation in Finland. The four articles study the interrelationship between the social, the physical, and the perceived city and each dimension's role in the segregation cycle. The first three articles concentrate on the Helsinki metropolitan area, analyzing the social dimension of institutionalized urban policies such as transit-oriented development and social mixing. The last article examines how segregation is recognized in the twenty largest Finnish cities. Perceptions are of interest to urban planning, as they are linked to selective moving patterns, which are one driver of the segregation process. The first article finds interlinkages between neighborhood satisfaction, socioeconomic status, and the share of social housing in neighborhoods. The second article finds differences in neighborhood satisfaction by tenure status, with municipal tenants reporting lower neighborhood satisfaction, quality of life, and perceived safety than homeowners. The second article concludes that while social mixing seems to have bridged the gap in spatial justice among different tenure groups, it has not managed to equalize neighborhood perceptions in the Helsinki metropolitan area. The third article concludes that while the segregation trajectory in the Helsinki metropolitan area is perceived as alarming and needing intervention, governance capacity is lacking: segregation is poorly articulated and yet to be institutionalized. The fourth article concludes that acknowledging segregation depends on city size and urban policy framework. Where segregation is named as a goal, it is often not translated into explicit actions in local policies. Segregation is mostly targeted with housing and land use policies, cornerstones of the local autonomy. This model works poorly in a situation where segregation is a regional issue. Governance capacity is also lacking on the state level, where housing policies affecting segregation are volatile. Insufficient governance capacity carries a risk: spatial inequalities may eventually become structural and cemented.

AB - Segregation is a relatively new research topic in Finland. Levels of residential segregation are growing, presenting a problem for the welfare state ethos. This thesis investigates how urbanplanning policy deals with the 'problem' of segregation in Finland. The four articles study the interrelationship between the social, the physical, and the perceived city and each dimension's role in the segregation cycle. The first three articles concentrate on the Helsinki metropolitan area, analyzing the social dimension of institutionalized urban policies such as transit-oriented development and social mixing. The last article examines how segregation is recognized in the twenty largest Finnish cities. Perceptions are of interest to urban planning, as they are linked to selective moving patterns, which are one driver of the segregation process. The first article finds interlinkages between neighborhood satisfaction, socioeconomic status, and the share of social housing in neighborhoods. The second article finds differences in neighborhood satisfaction by tenure status, with municipal tenants reporting lower neighborhood satisfaction, quality of life, and perceived safety than homeowners. The second article concludes that while social mixing seems to have bridged the gap in spatial justice among different tenure groups, it has not managed to equalize neighborhood perceptions in the Helsinki metropolitan area. The third article concludes that while the segregation trajectory in the Helsinki metropolitan area is perceived as alarming and needing intervention, governance capacity is lacking: segregation is poorly articulated and yet to be institutionalized. The fourth article concludes that acknowledging segregation depends on city size and urban policy framework. Where segregation is named as a goal, it is often not translated into explicit actions in local policies. Segregation is mostly targeted with housing and land use policies, cornerstones of the local autonomy. This model works poorly in a situation where segregation is a regional issue. Governance capacity is also lacking on the state level, where housing policies affecting segregation are volatile. Insufficient governance capacity carries a risk: spatial inequalities may eventually become structural and cemented.

KW - segregation

KW - social mixing

KW - social housing

KW - neighborhood satisfaction

KW - urban planning policy

KW - wicked problems

KW - segregaatio

KW - sosiaalinen sekoittaminen

KW - ARA-vuokra-asunnot

KW - asuinaluetyyvyäisyys

KW - kaupunkipolitiikka

KW - viheliäiset ongelmat

KW - segregation

KW - social mixing

KW - social housing

KW - neighborhood satisfaction

KW - urban planning policy

KW - wicked problems

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-64-2196-4

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL THESES

PB - Aalto University

CY - Espoo

ER -

Wicked problems and the welfare state : Segregation in Finnish urban planning policy

Abstrakti

Tutkimusalat

YK:n kestävän kehityksen tavoitteet

Pääsy asiakirjaan

Sormenjälki

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