When project outcomes matter : Organizational integration in managing long-term target benefits

We build on the research on managing long-term benefits by focusing on the management of outcomes during project execution through the theoretical lens of organizational integration research. Our research question is as follows: How can organizations arrange integration among organizational levels, functions, and projects to ensure the effective development of project outcomes and long-term target benefits? To address this question, we conducted a single case study with the Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) and four defense system projects as embedded cases. Our study provides new knowledge on project benefits management in three distinct areas: the integration mechanisms connecting projects, executives, and functions throughout project execution; effective information processing mechanisms for managing the development of outcomes; and the rhythmic initiation of new projects based on improved knowledge from ongoing projects. Based on our findings, we develop a model that covers project-to-organization, organization-to-project, and project-to-project interactions.