TY - JOUR
T1 - Validation of SOLPS-ITER simulations with kinetic, fluid, and hybrid neutral models for JET-ILW low-confinement mode plasmas
AU - Horsten, N.
AU - Groth, M.
AU - Dekeyser, W.
AU - Van Uytven, W.
AU - Aleiferis, S.
AU - Carli, S.
AU - Karhunen, J.
AU - Lawson, K. D.
AU - Lomanowski, B.
AU - Meigs, A. G.
AU - Menmuir, S.
AU - Shaw, A.
AU - Solokha, V.
AU - Thomas, B.
AU - JET Contributors
N1 - | openaire: EC/H2020/101052200/EU//EUROfusion
Funding Information:
This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No 101052200 – EUROfusion). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be held responsible for them. W. Van Uytven is funded by a PhD fellowship of the Research Foundation - Flanders . The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government - department EWI .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, Te,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (Dα) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Knt. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Knt≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (Te,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the Dα emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.
AB - For JET L-mode plasmas in low-recycling conditions (electron temperature at the outer strike point, Te,ot≳30eV), SOLPS-ITER simulations agree within the error bars for the experimental profiles at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target. The peak Balmer-α (Dα) emission in the LFS divertor agrees within the error bars of the KS3 filterscope diagnostic, but is approximately 30% lower than the peak value of the KT1 spectrometer. Simulations have been performed with fluid, kinetic, and hybrid models for the neutrals. The large fluid-kinetic discrepancies of more than a factor 2 are successfully corrected by using a hybrid fluid-kinetic approach, for which kinetic atoms are transferred to the fluid population when the local Knudsen number of the atom becomes smaller than a user-defined transition Knudsen number Knt. The hybrid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to a few % for Knt≤100. When increasing the upstream density to high-recycling conditions, at the onset of detachment (Te,ot≈5eV), the simulations predict more than a factor 2 lower peak ion saturation current to the LFS divertor than the experiments. Also the Dα emission is underpredicted with approximately a factor 2. For these high-recycling conditions, the fluid-kinetic discrepancies are limited to maximum 50%, which are again corrected by using the hybrid approach.
KW - Code validation
KW - JET
KW - Neutral models
KW - Plasma edge modeling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138106839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247
DO - 10.1016/j.nme.2022.101247
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85138106839
SN - 2352-1791
VL - 33
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - Nuclear Materials and Energy
JF - Nuclear Materials and Energy
M1 - 101247
ER -