Utilization of cellulosic building blocks in material design

Tiia-Maria Tenhunen

Utilization of cellulosic building blocks in material design

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Selluloosapohjaiset materiaalit sovellussuunnittelun rakennuspalikoina

Tiia-Maria Tenhunen

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Tässä työssä tutkittiin selluloosapohjaisten materiaalien hyödyntämistä materiaalisuunnittelun ja sovelluskehityksen rakennuspalikoina. Työssä hyödynnettiin sellukuituja, nanoselluloosaa sekä polymeeristä selluloosaa perinteisestä käytöstä poikkeavien sovellusten 1D-, 2D- ja 3D-rakenteissa. Lopputuotteen optimoimiseksi materiaalien ominaisuuksia sekä vuorovaikutuksia karakterisoitiin systemaattisesti toisiaan täydentävillä analysointimenetelmillä. Kokonaisia sellukuituja käytettiin rakennuspalikoina uudenlaisen kuitulangan valmistuksessa, kun taas nanoselluloosa mahdollisti muovinkaltaiset kaksiulotteiset kalvorakenteet. Kemiallisesti muokattuja selluloosajohdannaisia (selluloosa-asetaattia ja asetyloitua hydroksipropyyliselluloosaa) voitiin geelimäisinä materiaaleina käyttää 3D-tulostuksessa. Langan valmistuksessa, kuitujen liuotuksen ja saostuksen sijaan, koliinikloridista ja ureasta muodostetun syväeutektisen nesteen ominaisuuksia hyödynnettiin kuitujen dispergoinnissa sekä reologian muokkauksessa kehruuseen soveltuvaksi. Täten saatiin myös säilytettyä selluloosa I kidemuoto sekä sen ominaisuudet lopputuotteessa. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin syväeutektisen nesteen vaikutusta sellukuitujen morfologiaan ja koostumukseen. Tarkastelun tuloksena huomattiin syväeutektisessa nesteessä käytetyn koliiniklorinin sitoutuvan elektrostaattisesti kuituihin vaikuttaen niiden varaukseen ja siten myös vaikuttaen lopputuotteena olevan kuitulangan ominaisuuksiin. Kaksiulotteisissa kalvoissa käytettiin nanomittakaavaan jauhettua lehtipuuselluloosaa, joka sisältää merkittävän määrän hemiselluloosia, erityisesti ksylaania. Ksylaanin vaikutusta kalvon muodostumisen aikaisissa pintavuorovaikutuksissa sekä lopullisen kalvon ominaisuuksissa tutkittiin. Todettiin, että vaikka ksylaanilla on vaikutusta materiaalin pintaominaisuuksiin ja vedenottokykyyn molekyylitasolla, ei sen poistaminen vaikuta valmiin nanosellukalvon ominaisuuksiin. Selluloosajohdannaisten materiaalivuorovaikutuksia tutkittiin molekyylitasolla seuraamalla adsorptiota selluloosamallipintaan sekä makrotasolla mittaamalla adheesio-ominaisuuksia. Tuloksia hyödynnettiin 3D-tulostettavien tekstiilisovellusten suunnittelussa ja niiden perusteella valmistettiin useita prototyyppejä. Kaiken kaikkiaan, saatuja tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää selluloosamateriaalien ominaisuuksien ja vuorovaikutusten laajempaan ymmärtämiseen sekä uusien sovellusten kehittämiseen. Tulokset selventävät molekyylitason vuorovaikutusten merkitystä lopputuotteen makrotason ominaisuuksiin selluloosapohjaisia materiaaleja käytettäessä.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Selluloosapohjaiset materiaalit sovellussuunnittelun rakennuspalikoina
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Österberg, Monika, Vastuuprofessori Tammelin, Tekla, Ohjaaja, Ulkoinen henkilö
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-60-7994-3, 978-951-38-8636-3
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-60-7995-0, 978-951-38-8635-6
Tila	Julkaistu - 2018
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

selluloosa
sellukuitu
kuitulanka
nanoselluloosakalvo
3D-tulostus
selluloosajohdannaiset

Pääsy asiakirjaan

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-7995-0Lisenssi: Määrittelemätön

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@phdthesis{ba66a66ea067405b9386b64d09e4f064,

title = "Utilization of cellulosic building blocks in material design",

abstract = "In this thesis, three cellulosic building blocks: pulp fibres, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and polymeric cellulose were applied in the development of 1D-, 2D- and 3D-structures. For their efficient utilization in material and application design, systematic analysis of the materials and their interactions were conducted using complementary analytical tools. Cellulose pulp fibres were used as building blocks for 1D fibre yarn production, CNF was used for2D films and polymeric cellulose for 3D modification and functionalization of cellulosic textiles.Pulp fibres were converted into yarns without dissolution and regeneration using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) acting as a rheology modifier and dispersing agent, and therefore, enabling the spinning of yarn. The intrinsic properties of cellulose I crystalline structure were retained in the final structure. In order to understand the effect of DES on cellulose fibres and to improve the macroscale properties of the final product, the changes in pulp fibre composition and morphology due to DES were examined. As a result, electrostatically bound residuals of DES were revealed, which had an effect on charge of the fibres, and therefore, also affecting the properties of the fibre yarn. In 2D CNF films the effect of xylan, which is a major hemicellulose in hardwood, on the stability and properties of CNF films was examined. The effect of xylan on surface interactions was linked to macroscale film properties. It was discovered, that removal of xylan affected the microscale stability and water uptake behaviour. However, the film properties in larger scale, such as barrier properties, remained intact. 3D modifications of textiles were conducted using 3D-printing and two cellulose derivatives, cellulose acetate and acetoxypropyl cellulose. Macroscale properties, such as the adhesion, of the materials were analysed. The obtained results were linked to the strength of material interactions during adsorption. As an outcome, promising material combinations for textile applications were determined and several application prototypes for textile modification and functionalization were demonstrated. Overall, the work demonstrates the significance of understanding the macroscale material properties and the surface interactions of the chosen cellulosic building blocks with other substances in the development of new cellulosic materials and applications.",

keywords = "cellulose, pulp fibre filament, CNF film, 3D-printing, cellulose derivatives, selluloosa, sellukuitu, kuitulanka, nanoselluloosakalvo, 3D-tulostus, selluloosajohdannaiset, cellulose, pulp fibre filament, CNF film, 3D-printing, cellulose derivatives",

author = "Tiia-Maria Tenhunen",

year = "2018",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-60-7994-3",

series = "Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS",

publisher = "Aalto University",

number = "94",

address = "Finland",

school = "Aalto University",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Utilization of cellulosic building blocks in material design

AU - Tenhunen, Tiia-Maria

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - In this thesis, three cellulosic building blocks: pulp fibres, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and polymeric cellulose were applied in the development of 1D-, 2D- and 3D-structures. For their efficient utilization in material and application design, systematic analysis of the materials and their interactions were conducted using complementary analytical tools. Cellulose pulp fibres were used as building blocks for 1D fibre yarn production, CNF was used for2D films and polymeric cellulose for 3D modification and functionalization of cellulosic textiles.Pulp fibres were converted into yarns without dissolution and regeneration using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) acting as a rheology modifier and dispersing agent, and therefore, enabling the spinning of yarn. The intrinsic properties of cellulose I crystalline structure were retained in the final structure. In order to understand the effect of DES on cellulose fibres and to improve the macroscale properties of the final product, the changes in pulp fibre composition and morphology due to DES were examined. As a result, electrostatically bound residuals of DES were revealed, which had an effect on charge of the fibres, and therefore, also affecting the properties of the fibre yarn. In 2D CNF films the effect of xylan, which is a major hemicellulose in hardwood, on the stability and properties of CNF films was examined. The effect of xylan on surface interactions was linked to macroscale film properties. It was discovered, that removal of xylan affected the microscale stability and water uptake behaviour. However, the film properties in larger scale, such as barrier properties, remained intact. 3D modifications of textiles were conducted using 3D-printing and two cellulose derivatives, cellulose acetate and acetoxypropyl cellulose. Macroscale properties, such as the adhesion, of the materials were analysed. The obtained results were linked to the strength of material interactions during adsorption. As an outcome, promising material combinations for textile applications were determined and several application prototypes for textile modification and functionalization were demonstrated. Overall, the work demonstrates the significance of understanding the macroscale material properties and the surface interactions of the chosen cellulosic building blocks with other substances in the development of new cellulosic materials and applications.

AB - In this thesis, three cellulosic building blocks: pulp fibres, cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and polymeric cellulose were applied in the development of 1D-, 2D- and 3D-structures. For their efficient utilization in material and application design, systematic analysis of the materials and their interactions were conducted using complementary analytical tools. Cellulose pulp fibres were used as building blocks for 1D fibre yarn production, CNF was used for2D films and polymeric cellulose for 3D modification and functionalization of cellulosic textiles.Pulp fibres were converted into yarns without dissolution and regeneration using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) acting as a rheology modifier and dispersing agent, and therefore, enabling the spinning of yarn. The intrinsic properties of cellulose I crystalline structure were retained in the final structure. In order to understand the effect of DES on cellulose fibres and to improve the macroscale properties of the final product, the changes in pulp fibre composition and morphology due to DES were examined. As a result, electrostatically bound residuals of DES were revealed, which had an effect on charge of the fibres, and therefore, also affecting the properties of the fibre yarn. In 2D CNF films the effect of xylan, which is a major hemicellulose in hardwood, on the stability and properties of CNF films was examined. The effect of xylan on surface interactions was linked to macroscale film properties. It was discovered, that removal of xylan affected the microscale stability and water uptake behaviour. However, the film properties in larger scale, such as barrier properties, remained intact. 3D modifications of textiles were conducted using 3D-printing and two cellulose derivatives, cellulose acetate and acetoxypropyl cellulose. Macroscale properties, such as the adhesion, of the materials were analysed. The obtained results were linked to the strength of material interactions during adsorption. As an outcome, promising material combinations for textile applications were determined and several application prototypes for textile modification and functionalization were demonstrated. Overall, the work demonstrates the significance of understanding the macroscale material properties and the surface interactions of the chosen cellulosic building blocks with other substances in the development of new cellulosic materials and applications.

KW - cellulose

KW - pulp fibre filament

KW - CNF film

KW - 3D-printing

KW - cellulose derivatives

KW - selluloosa

KW - sellukuitu

KW - kuitulanka

KW - nanoselluloosakalvo

KW - 3D-tulostus

KW - selluloosajohdannaiset

KW - cellulose

KW - pulp fibre filament

KW - CNF film

KW - 3D-printing

KW - cellulose derivatives

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-60-7994-3

SN - 978-951-38-8636-3

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS

PB - Aalto University

ER -

Utilization of cellulosic building blocks in material design

Abstrakti

Tutkimusalat

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