TY - JOUR
T1 - Sustainable bleaching of Eucalyptus sp. kraft pulp with hypochlorous acid, ozone and hydrogen peroxide
AU - Isaza Ferro, Estefania
AU - Ruuttunen, Kyösti
AU - Perrin, Jordan
AU - Vuorinen, Tapani
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was cofunded by Andritz Oy, Kemira Oyj, Mets? Group, Stora Enso Oyj, UPM Kymmene Oyj, Suzano Pulp and Paper, and Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering. The authors thank Otavio Mambrim, Aino Peltola, Ville Korhonen, Owain George Dawson and Sakari Toivakainen for their help in providing some of the materials used in this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
PY - 2021/11/15
Y1 - 2021/11/15
N2 - Eucalyptus sp. is the most important planted crop for the production of chemical pulp. This pulp is mostly bleached with chlorine dioxide, which produces hypochlorous acid in situ when reacting with lignin. However, applying hypochlorus acid directly is not practiced, even though it contributes significantly to the bleaching reactions. Therefore, this article presents hypochlorous acid as the main bleaching chemical for oxygen delignified Eucalyptus sp. kraft pulp. The results showed that hypochlorous acid solely decreased the kappa number of the pulp more efficiently than chlorine dioxide did, without increasing the content of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in the effluent. The bleaching sequence with hypochlorous acid, ozone and hydrogen peroxide produced fully bleached pulps, with low organically bound halogens (OX) and aerobically digestible effluents. The bleached pulps and digested effluents complied with international standards for the pulp industry. The hypochlorous acid bleaching sequence is appealing because it is short, uses mild conditions and requires less or similar energy to produce the bleaching chemicals than comparable ECF bleaching sequences from literature.
AB - Eucalyptus sp. is the most important planted crop for the production of chemical pulp. This pulp is mostly bleached with chlorine dioxide, which produces hypochlorous acid in situ when reacting with lignin. However, applying hypochlorus acid directly is not practiced, even though it contributes significantly to the bleaching reactions. Therefore, this article presents hypochlorous acid as the main bleaching chemical for oxygen delignified Eucalyptus sp. kraft pulp. The results showed that hypochlorous acid solely decreased the kappa number of the pulp more efficiently than chlorine dioxide did, without increasing the content of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) in the effluent. The bleaching sequence with hypochlorous acid, ozone and hydrogen peroxide produced fully bleached pulps, with low organically bound halogens (OX) and aerobically digestible effluents. The bleached pulps and digested effluents complied with international standards for the pulp industry. The hypochlorous acid bleaching sequence is appealing because it is short, uses mild conditions and requires less or similar energy to produce the bleaching chemicals than comparable ECF bleaching sequences from literature.
KW - Aerobic digestion
KW - AOX
KW - Hypochlorite ion
KW - Hypochlorous acid
KW - Tertiary amine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85114147215&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114004
DO - 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85114147215
VL - 172
JO - Industrial Crops and Products
JF - Industrial Crops and Products
SN - 0926-6690
M1 - 114004
ER -