Spatio-Temporal Port Selection in Fluid Antennas under Switching Delays

Fluid antenna system (FAS) enhance wireless performance by dynamically selecting the best antenna port among many closely spaced ports. However, identifying the optimal port at each time step typically requires measuring all ports, which is costly due to pilot overhead and switching latency that may become a limiting factor in time-varying channels. In this work, we propose a spatio-temporal interpolation framework based on Gaussian processes (GP) that leverages both spatial and temporal channel correlations to estimate the channel response from a small subset of measured ports. Simulation results demonstrate that our approach achieves impressive performance, even outperforming full-port scanning in time-varying channels by effectively denoising through temporal smoothing.