Planar rectangular slide-in reciprocal frame system using salvaged timber and wooden nails

Inspired by the traditional notched planar reciprocal frame (RF) that uses short elements to build load-bearing structures with a span longer than individual elements, we search for an innovative way of using salvaged timber for building RFs specifically connected with wooden nails. A planar rectangular slide-in RF system is proposed as a possible solution for salvaging timber in new applications and therefore also for minimising timber waste. The paper explores the potential of the proposed slide-in system considering aspects related to structure, architecture, fabrication and assembly. Experimental and analytical investigations were carried out to understand the structural behaviour of the individual elements as well as the entire system. The feasibility of assembling was explored, and the resulting patterns and architectural spaces were illustrated. Based on the structural and architectural explorations, two design cases were physically realised. The benefits and limits are analysed, where the low-tech concept, the flexibility in layout, the predictivity of load-bearing capacity, and the ability of disassembly are highlighted, together with its limitations in load-bearing capacity and ductility.