Phosphorus modification to improve the hydrothermal stability of a Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst for selective reduction of NOx with NH ₃

Phosphorus is introduced to modify the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst via incipient wetness impregnation, with P/Cu-SSZ-13 = 1 and 2 wt.%, and Si/Al = 4, for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH ₃ . N ₂ physisorption and XRD results show the incorporation of phosphorus as phosphate acid enhanced the hydrothermal stability of Cu-SSZ-13 significantly, during hydrothermal aging in 10 vol.% H ₂ O/air at 750 °C for 16 h. NMR and Raman results suggest that phosphate ions migrate and coordinate with the framework-bonded Al species, forming a framework silicoaluminophosphate interface, thus impeding further dealumination and structure collapse. Before the hydrothermal aging, the isolated Cu ²⁺ ions partly interact with the phosphate ions, forming Cu-phosphate species and reducing the SCR performance. Nevertheless, the appropriate content of phosphate ions can prevent the structure collapse caused by the hydrothermal aging, remaining the isolated Cu ²⁺ ions as well as excellent SCR performance.