Performance analysis of waste-to-energy technologies for sustainable energy generation in integrated supply chains

At the global level, municipal solid waste constitutes a significant portion of the generated waste stream due to the ever-increasing population and booming economy, which has resulted in a worldwide concern. However, waste can be considered as a potential resource in the production of energy-related products, and thus, helping to reduce the immense volume of generated waste, meet the increasing energy demand, and reduce the dependence on natural resources. Accordingly, this study proposes a mixed-integer linear programming model for a waste supply chain problem, which aims to maximize the generation of fuel and energy from the waste feedstock. The model also optimizes the selection of waste conversion technologies, considering their economic and environmental impacts. The results provide an analysis of the economic value of the waste supply chain operations and present sustainable solutions for waste treatment in line with strategic, tactical, and operational targets in the waste management system.