Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review

Heidi Salonen; Tunga Salthammer; Lidia Morawska

Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review

Heidi Salonen^*, Tunga Salthammer, Lidia Morawska

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Tutkimustuotos: Artikkeli kirjassa/konferenssijulkaisussa › Conference contribution › Scientific › vertaisarvioitu

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The aim of this study was to summarize the extent of occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings. Google Scholar and PubMed were used to search the literature. The calculated median, as well as the mean, concentrations of NO2 in school (median 20.8 µg/m³; mean 26.1 µg/m³) and kindergarten (median 17.2 µg/m³; mean 35.5 µg/m³) buildings were found to be below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s guideline of 40 µg/m³ for the annual mean NO2 concentration. However, mean O2 concentrations in many studies were over 40 µg/m³, indicating situations where the WHO guideline is exceeded. Outdoor levels of NO2 are a reliable predictor of indoor NO2 levels across seasons, with median Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios of 0.7 and 0.8 in school and kindergarten environments, respectively. These findings support the importance of mitigation measures to reduce ambient NO2 levels, and to prevent high levels of NO2 exposure in school and kindergarten buildings.

Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Otsikko	16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate
Alaotsikko	Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020
Kustantaja	International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ)
ISBN (elektroninen)	9781713823605
Tila	Julkaistu - 2020
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisuussa
Tapahtuma	Indoor Air - Seoul, Etelä-Korea Kesto: 1 marrask. 2020 → 5 marrask. 2020 Konferenssinumero: 16 http://www.indoorair2020.org/

Conference

Conference	Indoor Air
Maa/Alue	Etelä-Korea
Kaupunki	Seoul
Ajanjakso	01/11/2020 → 05/11/2020
www-osoite	http://www.indoorair2020.org/

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Salonen, H., Salthammer, T., & Morawska, L. (2020). Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review. teoksessa 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020 International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ).

Salonen, Heidi ; Salthammer, Tunga ; Morawska, Lidia. / Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review. 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ), 2020.

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title = "Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review",

abstract = "The aim of this study was to summarize the extent of occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings. Google Scholar and PubMed were used to search the literature. The calculated median, as well as the mean, concentrations of NO2 in school (median 20.8 µg/m3; mean 26.1 µg/m3) and kindergarten (median 17.2 µg/m3; mean 35.5 µg/m3) buildings were found to be below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s guideline of 40 µg/m3 for the annual mean NO2 concentration. However, mean O2 concentrations in many studies were over 40 µg/m3, indicating situations where the WHO guideline is exceeded. Outdoor levels of NO2 are a reliable predictor of indoor NO2 levels across seasons, with median Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios of 0.7 and 0.8 in school and kindergarten environments, respectively. These findings support the importance of mitigation measures to reduce ambient NO2 levels, and to prevent high levels of NO2 exposure in school and kindergarten buildings.",

keywords = "Indoor air, Indoor/Outdoor ratio, Kindergartens, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), School buildings",

author = "Heidi Salonen and Tunga Salthammer and Lidia Morawska",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. All rights reserved.; Indoor Air ; Conference date: 01-11-2020 Through 05-11-2020",

year = "2020",

language = "English",

booktitle = "16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate",

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Salonen, H, Salthammer, T & Morawska, L 2020, Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review. julkaisussa 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ), Indoor Air, Seoul, Etelä-Korea, 01/11/2020.

Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review. / Salonen, Heidi; Salthammer, Tunga; Morawska, Lidia.
16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ), 2020.

Tutkimustuotos: Artikkeli kirjassa/konferenssijulkaisussa › Conference contribution › Scientific › vertaisarvioitu

TY - GEN

T1 - Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review

AU - Salonen, Heidi

AU - Salthammer, Tunga

AU - Morawska, Lidia

N1 - Conference code: 16

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - The aim of this study was to summarize the extent of occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings. Google Scholar and PubMed were used to search the literature. The calculated median, as well as the mean, concentrations of NO2 in school (median 20.8 µg/m3; mean 26.1 µg/m3) and kindergarten (median 17.2 µg/m3; mean 35.5 µg/m3) buildings were found to be below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s guideline of 40 µg/m3 for the annual mean NO2 concentration. However, mean O2 concentrations in many studies were over 40 µg/m3, indicating situations where the WHO guideline is exceeded. Outdoor levels of NO2 are a reliable predictor of indoor NO2 levels across seasons, with median Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios of 0.7 and 0.8 in school and kindergarten environments, respectively. These findings support the importance of mitigation measures to reduce ambient NO2 levels, and to prevent high levels of NO2 exposure in school and kindergarten buildings.

AB - The aim of this study was to summarize the extent of occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings. Google Scholar and PubMed were used to search the literature. The calculated median, as well as the mean, concentrations of NO2 in school (median 20.8 µg/m3; mean 26.1 µg/m3) and kindergarten (median 17.2 µg/m3; mean 35.5 µg/m3) buildings were found to be below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s guideline of 40 µg/m3 for the annual mean NO2 concentration. However, mean O2 concentrations in many studies were over 40 µg/m3, indicating situations where the WHO guideline is exceeded. Outdoor levels of NO2 are a reliable predictor of indoor NO2 levels across seasons, with median Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios of 0.7 and 0.8 in school and kindergarten environments, respectively. These findings support the importance of mitigation measures to reduce ambient NO2 levels, and to prevent high levels of NO2 exposure in school and kindergarten buildings.

KW - Indoor air

KW - Indoor/Outdoor ratio

KW - Kindergartens

KW - Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

KW - School buildings

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M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85101658016

BT - 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate

PB - International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ)

T2 - Indoor Air

Y2 - 1 November 2020 through 5 November 2020

ER -

Salonen H, Salthammer T, Morawska L. Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review. julkaisussa 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ). 2020

Occupants' exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in European school and kindergarten buildings - A review

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