Multi-Probe Roundness Measurement of Large Rotors

Tuomas Tiainen

Multi-Probe Roundness Measurement of Large Rotors

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Ympyrämäisyysmittauksen monianturimenetelmät suurille roottoreille

Tuomas Tiainen

Energia- ja konetekniikan laitos

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Ympyrämäisyysmittauksen monianturimenetelmillä voidaan erottaa vähintään kolmesta mitatusta anturisignaalista pyörivän kappaleen poikkileikkauksen ympyrämäisyysvirhe sekä keskipisteen liike. Menetelmiä on mahdollista soveltaa myös olosuhteissa, joissa kappaleen keskiön liike on stokastista eikä toistu samanlaisena kierrosten välillä. Menetelmät ovat siten käyttökelpoisia erityisesti hankalasti erillisille mittakoneille sijoitettavien suurten roottorien mittaukseen. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli parantaa monianturimittauksen tarkkuutta tutkimalla erilaisten mittauksen aikana esiintyvien virheenlähteiden vaikutusta lopulliseen mittaustulokseen. Vaikutusten selvittämiseksi tutkimuksessa simuloitiin mittausta tyypillisissä olosuhteissa. Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin myös anturikulmista aiheutuvaa harmonista suodattumista ja määritettiin kahdelle eri menetelmälle uudet anturikulmat. Simulaatioiden perusteella muodostettiin jakaumat kolmen tarkastellun ympyrämäisyysmittausmenetelmän virheille. Tuloksista on lisäksi nähtävissä erilaisten asemointivirheiden erilaisia vaikutuksia eri menetelmiin. Tuloksista havaittiin myös, että simuloidut harmonisten komponenttien keskivirheet ja keskihajonnat korreloivat komponenttien matriisiyhtälön hyvyysluvun kanssa. Simulaatioiden ja teoreettisen tarkastelun jälkeen tutkimuksessa sovellettiin monianturimenetelmää teollisten standardien vaatimaan akselin liikkeen mittauksen virheen selvittämiseen. Pyörrevirta-anturilla mitattu heitto jaettiin koskettavien anturien mittausten perusteella monianturimenetelmällä sähköiseen heittoon, keskiön liikkeeseen sekä ympyrämäisyysvirheeseen. Mittaustulosten perusteella tarkasteltiin kriittisesti teollisten standardien heittoon ja sen mittaustapaan liittyviä vaatimuksia. Tutkimuksen tulokset ovat sovellettavissa teknisiin ongelmiin, joissa on tarpeen mitata tarkasti pyörivän kappaleen poikkileikkauksen ympyrämäisyysprofiilia tai keskiön liikettä. Tuloksia on mahdollista hyödyntää monianturimenetelmiä käyttävissä teollisissa sovelluksissa, kuten paperikoneiden telojen mittauksessa ja valmistuksessa.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Ympyrämäisyysmittauksen monianturimenetelmät suurille roottoreille
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Viitala, Raine, Vastuuprofessori
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-64-0195-9
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-64-0196-6
Tila	Julkaistu - 2020
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

monianturi
ympyrämäisyys
harmoninen suodattuminen

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http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-64-0196-6

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@phdthesis{1040407827f248b7bdc0f9d89d696eda,

title = "Multi-Probe Roundness Measurement of Large Rotors",

abstract = "Multi-probe roundness measurement methods can be used to separate the roundness profile and the center point movement of a cross section from at least three measured probe signals. Multi-probe methods can also be applied when the center point movement is not repeatable between revolutions. This makes them suitable for the roundness measurement of large rotors, which can exhibit non-repeatable center point motion and can be impractical to place on traditional precision roundness measurement instruments. The aim of this research was to investigate and improve the accuracy of multi-probe roundness measurement methods. Measurement under realistic conditions was simulated to reveal the effects and significance of different sources of error present during the measurement. The problem of harmonic suppression was considered, and the probe angles were optimized for the three-point method and, for the first time, the redundant diameter four-point method. Finally, multi-probe methods were applied to quantify the errors in measurement of relative shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for electrical machines. This research gives suggestions for new optimal probe angles. The results of the simulations provide information on the accuracy of three compared multi-probe methods and reveal differing effects of the investigated positional errors to the different methods. Additionally, the simulated results confirm a correlation between the condition number of the multi-probe equation matrix and the actual uncertainties in harmonic components of the roundness profile. After the theoretical investigation and simulations, an application of multi-probe methods was presented. A four-point tactile multi-probe roundness measurement instrument was used to separate runout measured with an eddy current displacement probe into the electrical runout, center point motion and the roundness error. The results effectively reveal the sources of error in the measurement of shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for rotating machinery. Requirements for runout and the measurement of relative shaft displacement in industrial standards were assessed critically. The results of this research are relevant for solving technical problems where accurate measurement of the roundness error or center point movement of a large rotating workpiece cross section is required. The results can be exploited in industrial applications using multi-probe roundness measurement, such as the measurement and manufacturing of paper machine rolls.",

keywords = "multi-probe roundness, fourier roundness, harmonic suppression, monianturi, ympyr{\"a}m{\"a}isyys, harmoninen suodattuminen, multi-probe roundness, fourier roundness, harmonic suppression",

author = "Tuomas Tiainen",

year = "2020",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-64-0195-9",

series = "Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS",

publisher = "Aalto University",

number = "215",

address = "Finland",

school = "Aalto University",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Multi-Probe Roundness Measurement of Large Rotors

AU - Tiainen, Tuomas

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Multi-probe roundness measurement methods can be used to separate the roundness profile and the center point movement of a cross section from at least three measured probe signals. Multi-probe methods can also be applied when the center point movement is not repeatable between revolutions. This makes them suitable for the roundness measurement of large rotors, which can exhibit non-repeatable center point motion and can be impractical to place on traditional precision roundness measurement instruments. The aim of this research was to investigate and improve the accuracy of multi-probe roundness measurement methods. Measurement under realistic conditions was simulated to reveal the effects and significance of different sources of error present during the measurement. The problem of harmonic suppression was considered, and the probe angles were optimized for the three-point method and, for the first time, the redundant diameter four-point method. Finally, multi-probe methods were applied to quantify the errors in measurement of relative shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for electrical machines. This research gives suggestions for new optimal probe angles. The results of the simulations provide information on the accuracy of three compared multi-probe methods and reveal differing effects of the investigated positional errors to the different methods. Additionally, the simulated results confirm a correlation between the condition number of the multi-probe equation matrix and the actual uncertainties in harmonic components of the roundness profile. After the theoretical investigation and simulations, an application of multi-probe methods was presented. A four-point tactile multi-probe roundness measurement instrument was used to separate runout measured with an eddy current displacement probe into the electrical runout, center point motion and the roundness error. The results effectively reveal the sources of error in the measurement of shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for rotating machinery. Requirements for runout and the measurement of relative shaft displacement in industrial standards were assessed critically. The results of this research are relevant for solving technical problems where accurate measurement of the roundness error or center point movement of a large rotating workpiece cross section is required. The results can be exploited in industrial applications using multi-probe roundness measurement, such as the measurement and manufacturing of paper machine rolls.

AB - Multi-probe roundness measurement methods can be used to separate the roundness profile and the center point movement of a cross section from at least three measured probe signals. Multi-probe methods can also be applied when the center point movement is not repeatable between revolutions. This makes them suitable for the roundness measurement of large rotors, which can exhibit non-repeatable center point motion and can be impractical to place on traditional precision roundness measurement instruments. The aim of this research was to investigate and improve the accuracy of multi-probe roundness measurement methods. Measurement under realistic conditions was simulated to reveal the effects and significance of different sources of error present during the measurement. The problem of harmonic suppression was considered, and the probe angles were optimized for the three-point method and, for the first time, the redundant diameter four-point method. Finally, multi-probe methods were applied to quantify the errors in measurement of relative shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for electrical machines. This research gives suggestions for new optimal probe angles. The results of the simulations provide information on the accuracy of three compared multi-probe methods and reveal differing effects of the investigated positional errors to the different methods. Additionally, the simulated results confirm a correlation between the condition number of the multi-probe equation matrix and the actual uncertainties in harmonic components of the roundness profile. After the theoretical investigation and simulations, an application of multi-probe methods was presented. A four-point tactile multi-probe roundness measurement instrument was used to separate runout measured with an eddy current displacement probe into the electrical runout, center point motion and the roundness error. The results effectively reveal the sources of error in the measurement of shaft displacement as required by industrial standards for rotating machinery. Requirements for runout and the measurement of relative shaft displacement in industrial standards were assessed critically. The results of this research are relevant for solving technical problems where accurate measurement of the roundness error or center point movement of a large rotating workpiece cross section is required. The results can be exploited in industrial applications using multi-probe roundness measurement, such as the measurement and manufacturing of paper machine rolls.

KW - multi-probe roundness

KW - fourier roundness

KW - harmonic suppression

KW - monianturi

KW - ympyrämäisyys

KW - harmoninen suodattuminen

KW - multi-probe roundness

KW - fourier roundness

KW - harmonic suppression

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-64-0195-9

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS

PB - Aalto University

ER -

Multi-Probe Roundness Measurement of Large Rotors

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Tutkimusalat

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