Investigations of Ionic Functional Soft Matter

Lotta Gustavsson

Investigations of Ionic Functional Soft Matter

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Ioniset funktionaaliset materiaalit

Lotta Gustavsson

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Elektrostaattiset vuorovaikutukset ovat tärkeässä roolissa molekyylien itsejärjestymisessä niin luonnon- kuin synteettisissäkin materiaaleissa. Molekulaaristen vuorovaikutusten tasapaino on kriittisen tärkeässä asemassa toiminnallisten ja itsejärjestyvien materiaalien valmistuksessa. Tässä väitöskirjassa käsitellään elektrostaattisiin vuorovaikutuksiin perustuvia materiaaleja ja rakenteita, sekä niiden hyödyntämistä erilaisissa toiminnallisuuksissa. Väitöskirjan ensimmäisessä osassa perehdyttiin ionisten surfaktanttien ja niiden kompleksien nestekideominaisuuksiin. Julkaisussa I tutkittiin kahtaisionisten amfifiilisten molekyylien termotrooppista käyttäytymistä. Näiden molekyylien korkeita sulamispisteitä madallettiin pehmentämällä elektrostaattisia vuorovaikutuksia ioninesteellä kompleksoimalla, mikä johti nestekidekompleksin muodostumiseen sekä ionijohtavuuteen. Julkaisussa II tutkittiin selluloosan nanokiteiden (CNC) kompleksinmuodostumista nonionis-anionisen surfaktantin kanssa, mikä johti nemaattisen faasin muodostumiseen niin orgaanisessa liuottimessa kuin ilman liuotintakin. CNC:n nemaattinen faasi mahdollistaisi sen nykyistä monipuolisemman käytön esimerkiksi parempana lujitteena tai optisena polarisaattorina. Molemmissa julkaisuissa sähköiset vuorovaikutukset olivat tärkeässä asemassa materiaalien ominaisuuksissa ja rakenteiden muodostumisessa. Väitöskirjan toisessa osassa elektrostaattisia vuorovaikutuksia käytettiin tuomaan toiminnallisia ominaisuuksia materiaaleihin. Julkaisussa III valmistettiin kahtaisionisista ja ionittomista yksiköistä koostuva hydrogeeli, jota käytettiin makumolekyylien tunnistamiseen. Erilaisten makumolekyylien vuorovaikutukset hydrogeelin kanssa johti tilavuuden sekä ioninjohtavuuden muutoksiin, mitä käytettiin molekyylien tunnistamisessa. Julkaisussa IV syntetisoitiin polyamfolyyttisiä ligandeja kultananoklustereille (AuNC), mikä johti niiden pH-riippuvaiseen fotoluminesenssiin. Happamassa ympäristössä tapahtuva tertiääristen aminoryhmien protonoituminen aiheutti voimakkaan fotoluminesenssin, mitä hyödynnettiin lysosomien biokuvantamisessa. Julkaisussa V näytettiin, miten surfaktanteilla stabiloituja vesipisaroita voidaan kontrolloidusti liikuttaa sähkökentän avulla. Tuloksien perusteella pisaroiden liike johtuu kahtaisionien kansoittaman pisaran rajapinnalla tapahtuvista epätasapainomekanismeista. Tämän väitöskirjan tulokset myötävaikuttavat ionisten vuorovaikutusten ymmärrykseen erilaisissa ympäristöissä, ja siten edesauttavat tulevaisuuden toiminnallisten materiaalien kehittämisessä.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Ioniset funktionaaliset materiaalit
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Ikkala, Olli, Vastuuprofessori Peng, Bo, Ohjaaja
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-64-1828-5
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-64-1829-2
Tila	Julkaistu - 2024
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

elektrostaattiset vuorovaikutukset
itsejärjestyminen
nestekide
polymeeri
hydrogeeli
emulsio
sähkökenttä
epätasapainojärjestyminen

Pääsy asiakirjaan

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-64-1829-2

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Aalto-yliopisto
Laitteistot/tilat: Facility
OtaNano Nanomikroskopiakeskus
Seitsonen, J. (Manager) & Rissanen, A. (Other)
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@phdthesis{0d34b479330849ce89854623933e84cc,

title = "Investigations of Ionic Functional Soft Matter",

abstract = "Electrostatic interactions play an important role in functional self-assembled structures of both natural and synthetic origin. Such processes are complex and reflect the importance of balancing competing interactions which is crucial in the development of materials for new technological advancements. This thesis presents studies on electrostatic forces in different environments and how they can be harvested in functional and motile materials. The first part of the thesis presents new liquid-crystalline materials based on ionic surfactants and their complexation. Publication I studied the thermotropic liquid crystallinity of zwitterionic amphiphilic molecules. The observed melting points were high and thus the compounds were plasticized using a low-melting ionic liquid, which led to decreased transition temperatures, ionic liquid-crystalline complex formation, and ion-conduction. In Publication II, the complexation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by a nonionic-anionic surfactant led to nematic liquid-crystalline phase formation both in organic solvent toluene and in the bulk state. The suppression of the chirality of CNCs is of high technological relevance as it would widen the applicability of CNCs as, e.g., reinforcements and optical polarizers. The electrostatic interactions were accounted as the driving force for the material properties and structural characteristics in both publications. In the second part of the thesis, electrostatic interactions were used to integrate functional responsiveness in materials. In Publication III, a hydrogel consisting of zwitterionic and nonionic units was demonstrated as a taste-recognizing material. The sensing was based on the interactions between the hydrogel's repeating units and the small-molecular tastant molecules, leading to volumetric and electrical responses depending on the (non)ionic nature of the tastant. In Publication IV, a polyampholyte was used as a ligand to prepare fluorescent gold nanoclusters with pH-responsive photoluminescence, where the protonation of the tertiary amine groups led to enhanced photoluminescence in acidic medium. This feature was further used in the bioimaging of lysosomes. Finally, Publication V demonstrated that a low-magnitude electric field can lead to a controlled locomotion of surfactant-stabilized aqueous droplets. The results suggest that the droplet propulsion occurs through non-equilibrium mechanisms at the zwitterion-covered droplet interface. The results of this thesis contribute to the understanding of ionic interactions and how they can be used in the development of functional responsive materials through equilibrium and nonequilibrium mechanisms.",

keywords = "electrostatic interactions, self-assembly, liquid crystals, polymer, hydrogel, emulsion, electric field, nonequilibrium assembly, elektrostaattiset vuorovaikutukset, itsej{\"a}rjestyminen, nestekide, polymeeri, hydrogeeli, emulsio, s{\"a}hk{\"o}kentt{\"a}, ep{\"a}tasapainoj{\"a}rjestyminen, electrostatic interactions, self-assembly, liquid crystals, polymer, hydrogel, emulsion, electric field, nonequilibrium assembly",

author = "Lotta Gustavsson",

year = "2024",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-64-1828-5",

series = "Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL THESES",

publisher = "Aalto University",

number = "105",

address = "Finland",

school = "Aalto University",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Investigations of Ionic Functional Soft Matter

AU - Gustavsson, Lotta

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Electrostatic interactions play an important role in functional self-assembled structures of both natural and synthetic origin. Such processes are complex and reflect the importance of balancing competing interactions which is crucial in the development of materials for new technological advancements. This thesis presents studies on electrostatic forces in different environments and how they can be harvested in functional and motile materials. The first part of the thesis presents new liquid-crystalline materials based on ionic surfactants and their complexation. Publication I studied the thermotropic liquid crystallinity of zwitterionic amphiphilic molecules. The observed melting points were high and thus the compounds were plasticized using a low-melting ionic liquid, which led to decreased transition temperatures, ionic liquid-crystalline complex formation, and ion-conduction. In Publication II, the complexation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by a nonionic-anionic surfactant led to nematic liquid-crystalline phase formation both in organic solvent toluene and in the bulk state. The suppression of the chirality of CNCs is of high technological relevance as it would widen the applicability of CNCs as, e.g., reinforcements and optical polarizers. The electrostatic interactions were accounted as the driving force for the material properties and structural characteristics in both publications. In the second part of the thesis, electrostatic interactions were used to integrate functional responsiveness in materials. In Publication III, a hydrogel consisting of zwitterionic and nonionic units was demonstrated as a taste-recognizing material. The sensing was based on the interactions between the hydrogel's repeating units and the small-molecular tastant molecules, leading to volumetric and electrical responses depending on the (non)ionic nature of the tastant. In Publication IV, a polyampholyte was used as a ligand to prepare fluorescent gold nanoclusters with pH-responsive photoluminescence, where the protonation of the tertiary amine groups led to enhanced photoluminescence in acidic medium. This feature was further used in the bioimaging of lysosomes. Finally, Publication V demonstrated that a low-magnitude electric field can lead to a controlled locomotion of surfactant-stabilized aqueous droplets. The results suggest that the droplet propulsion occurs through non-equilibrium mechanisms at the zwitterion-covered droplet interface. The results of this thesis contribute to the understanding of ionic interactions and how they can be used in the development of functional responsive materials through equilibrium and nonequilibrium mechanisms.

AB - Electrostatic interactions play an important role in functional self-assembled structures of both natural and synthetic origin. Such processes are complex and reflect the importance of balancing competing interactions which is crucial in the development of materials for new technological advancements. This thesis presents studies on electrostatic forces in different environments and how they can be harvested in functional and motile materials. The first part of the thesis presents new liquid-crystalline materials based on ionic surfactants and their complexation. Publication I studied the thermotropic liquid crystallinity of zwitterionic amphiphilic molecules. The observed melting points were high and thus the compounds were plasticized using a low-melting ionic liquid, which led to decreased transition temperatures, ionic liquid-crystalline complex formation, and ion-conduction. In Publication II, the complexation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by a nonionic-anionic surfactant led to nematic liquid-crystalline phase formation both in organic solvent toluene and in the bulk state. The suppression of the chirality of CNCs is of high technological relevance as it would widen the applicability of CNCs as, e.g., reinforcements and optical polarizers. The electrostatic interactions were accounted as the driving force for the material properties and structural characteristics in both publications. In the second part of the thesis, electrostatic interactions were used to integrate functional responsiveness in materials. In Publication III, a hydrogel consisting of zwitterionic and nonionic units was demonstrated as a taste-recognizing material. The sensing was based on the interactions between the hydrogel's repeating units and the small-molecular tastant molecules, leading to volumetric and electrical responses depending on the (non)ionic nature of the tastant. In Publication IV, a polyampholyte was used as a ligand to prepare fluorescent gold nanoclusters with pH-responsive photoluminescence, where the protonation of the tertiary amine groups led to enhanced photoluminescence in acidic medium. This feature was further used in the bioimaging of lysosomes. Finally, Publication V demonstrated that a low-magnitude electric field can lead to a controlled locomotion of surfactant-stabilized aqueous droplets. The results suggest that the droplet propulsion occurs through non-equilibrium mechanisms at the zwitterion-covered droplet interface. The results of this thesis contribute to the understanding of ionic interactions and how they can be used in the development of functional responsive materials through equilibrium and nonequilibrium mechanisms.

KW - electrostatic interactions

KW - self-assembly

KW - liquid crystals

KW - polymer

KW - hydrogel

KW - emulsion

KW - electric field

KW - nonequilibrium assembly

KW - elektrostaattiset vuorovaikutukset

KW - itsejärjestyminen

KW - nestekide

KW - polymeeri

KW - hydrogeeli

KW - emulsio

KW - sähkökenttä

KW - epätasapainojärjestyminen

KW - electrostatic interactions

KW - self-assembly

KW - liquid crystals

KW - polymer

KW - hydrogel

KW - emulsion

KW - electric field

KW - nonequilibrium assembly

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-64-1828-5

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL THESES

PB - Aalto University

ER -

Investigations of Ionic Functional Soft Matter

Abstrakti

Tutkimusalat

Pääsy asiakirjaan

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