Inkjet printed surface chemistry modification of porous coatings for application as microfluidic analytical platforms

Risto Koivunen

Inkjet printed surface chemistry modification of porous coatings for application as microfluidic analytical platforms

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Huokoisten päällysteiden pintakemian muokkaus mustesuihkutulostuksella alustoiksi mikrofluidisia analyyttisia sovelluksia varten

Risto Koivunen

Biotuotteiden ja biotekniikan laitos

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Painotekniikka mahdollistaa mikrofluidisten testien massatuotannon esimerkiksi lääketieteelliseen diagnostiikkaan tai ympäristön seurantaan. Tavallisesti testit koostuvat huokoisesta hydrofiilisesta alustasta, kuten selluloosapaperista, jota on hydrofobisoitu nesteen ohjaamiseksi. Alustaan lisätyt reagenssit ja/tai katalyytit reagoivat näytteen kanssa, antaen tietoa ominaisuuksista esimerkiksi värinmuutoksella tai tuottamalla spektrometrisesti havaittavia yhdisteitä. Työssä käsitellään analyyttisia testejä varten suunniteltujen pigmenttipäällysteiden pintakemian muokkausta mustesuihkutulostuksella. Pigmenttipäällysteet muodostuvat pienistä sideaineella yhteen liitetyistä mineraalihiukkasista. Pigmenttipäällysteitä käytetään yleisesti painopapereissa, mutta niitä ei ole juurikaan tutkittu analytiikkaa varten. Tarkoitukseen suunnitellut päällysteet tarjoavat hyvin ohuen, pintakemialtaan muokattavan testialustan. Ohuen rakenteen takia testeihin tarvitaan vain pieniä määriä reagensseja ja näytettä. Mustesuihkutulostuksella pintakemiaa voidaan muokata ja reagensseja annostella ilman painoyksikön ja alustan välistä kosketusta.Tutkitut pigmenttipäällysteet koostuivat funktionalisoidusta kalsiumkarbonaatista ja joukosta lähinnä orgaanisia sideaineita. Nesteen virtausta hallittiin tulostamalla kahta hydrofobisoivaa mustetta. Lisäksi tulostettiin viittä polyelektrolyytti-mustetta, jotka vaikuttivat anionisten ja kationisten yhdisteiden kromatografiseen erottumiseen. Tulostusta arvioitiin tarkoitusta varten suunnitelluilla testikuvioilla. Poly-diallyylidimetyyliammoniumkloridi (polyDADMAC) –pohjaisten musteiden tulostettavuutta analysoitiin polyelektrolyyttipitoisuuden suhteen. Nestettä ohjattiin tulostetuilla polystyreeni- ja alkyyliketeenidimeeri (AKD) -pohjaisilla musteilla onnistuneesti, joskin päällysteen huokosten peittämiseen tarvittiin suuria määrä hydrofobista ainetta. Polyelektrolyytit vaikuttivat kromatografisiin ominaisuuksiin lisäten vastakkaisesti varattujen molekyylien sekä vähentäen samankaltaisesti varattujen molekyylien erottumista. Erottumiseen vaikutti sekä testimolekyylien konsentraatio, että polyelektrolyyttien määrä, joskin jälkimmäisessä oli havaittavissa saturaatiota. PolyDADMAC-pohjaiset musteet olivat tulostettavissa 10 paino-% asti, mutta polyelektrolyytti-pitoisuuden noustessa korostuivat haihtumisen vaikutukset tulostinpään suuttimien toimintaan. Työssä osoitetaan, että pigmenttipäällysteet voivat toimia analytiikka-alustoina. Lisätutkimusta tarvitaan kestävämpien päällysteiden ja tehokkaampien painomenetelmien kehittämiseksi. Polyelektrolyyteillä voidaan muokata päällysteiden, ja todennäköisesti muiden alustojen, kromatografisia ominaisuuksia. Tosin uudelleen kostuessaan polyelektrolyytit voivat liueta ja siirtyä virtauksen mukana.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Huokoisten päällysteiden pintakemian muokkaus mustesuihkutulostuksella alustoiksi mikrofluidisia analyyttisia sovelluksia varten
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Gane, Patrick, Vastuuprofessori Gane, Patrick, Ohjaaja Bollström, Roger, Ohjaaja, Ulkoinen henkilö
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-64-0604-6
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-64-0605-3
Tila	Julkaistu - 2021
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

mustesuihkutulostus
funktionaalinen painatus
funktionaaliset päällysteet
kapillaarivirtaus
hydrofobisuus
mikrofluidinen
polyelektrolyytit
kromatografia

Pääsy asiakirjaan

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-64-0605-3

Biotalousinfrastruktuuri
Seppälä, J. (Manager)
Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu
Laitteistot/tilat: Facility

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@phdthesis{5d452fa4a51543719fc57e2a62c0d982,

title = "Inkjet printed surface chemistry modification of porous coatings for application as microfluidic analytical platforms",

abstract = "Printed microfluidic analytical devices can provide simple, mass producible assays, e.g. for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Such devices typically consist of a permeable, porous base substrate, e.g. cellulosic paper, patterned hydrophobically to control flow of liquid samples. Reagents and/or catalysts within the substrate interact with sample, providing information of the contents, e.g. by colorimetric change or spectroscopically observable reaction products. This work explores inkjet printed surface modification of custom-designed pigment coatings intended as analytical device substrates. Pigment coatings, consisting of fine particles attached with binder, are commonly used on commercial printing papers, but have not been significantly studied as an analytical platform. However, suitably designed coatings would provide thin wicking layers, requiring only tiny reagent and sample volumes, with adjustable surface chemistries. Inkjet printing provides a non-contact method to deposit reagents or surface chemistry modifiers. The studied coatings consist of porous functionalised calcium carbonate (FCC) pigments and a variety of mainly organic binders. These coatings were printed with 2 custom-designed hydrophobising inks, controlling liquid flow within the hydrophilic coatings. Additionally, 5 polyelectrolyte inks were formulated to effect chromatographic separation of anionic and cationic compounds. Test patterns were developed for evaluating the effects of printing on coatings. Besides coating interactions, jettability studies were conducted on a series concentration of poly-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) polyelectrolyte. Hydrophobic patterning was successfully conducted with the hydrophobising agents, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and polystyrene, with a significant amount of agent required to cover the high area pore surfaces sufficiently. Printed polyelectrolyte increased chromatographic separation for oppositely charged molecules, whilst decreasing the separation of similarly charged molecules. This effect depended on both sample concentration and the amount of polyelectrolyte, though saturation effects were observable for the latter. PolyDADMAC inks up to 10 w/w% were jettable under steady conditions, though the printhead nozzles were increasingly affected by evaporation as polyelectrolyte concentration increased. This work demonstrates that specialised pigment coatings can work as printed analytical platforms. Additional research is needed to provide more robust coatings and efficient printing. Inkjet deposited polyelectrolytes can adjust chromatographic separation on the coatings, and likely on other substrates, though possible re-dissolution and transport of non-adsorbed polyelectrolyte by elution needs to be considered.",

keywords = "inkjet printing, functional printing, functional coatings, capillary transport, hydrophobicity, microfluidics, polyelectrolytes, chromatography, mustesuihkutulostus, funktionaalinen painatus, funktionaaliset p{\"a}{\"a}llysteet, kapillaarivirtaus, hydrofobisuus, mikrofluidinen, polyelektrolyytit, kromatografia, inkjet printing, functional printing, functional coatings, capillary transport, hydrophobicity, microfluidics, polyelectrolytes, chromatography",

author = "Risto Koivunen",

year = "2021",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-64-0604-6",

series = "Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS",

publisher = "Aalto University",

number = "164",

address = "Finland",

school = "Aalto University",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Inkjet printed surface chemistry modification of porous coatings for application as microfluidic analytical platforms

AU - Koivunen, Risto

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Printed microfluidic analytical devices can provide simple, mass producible assays, e.g. for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Such devices typically consist of a permeable, porous base substrate, e.g. cellulosic paper, patterned hydrophobically to control flow of liquid samples. Reagents and/or catalysts within the substrate interact with sample, providing information of the contents, e.g. by colorimetric change or spectroscopically observable reaction products. This work explores inkjet printed surface modification of custom-designed pigment coatings intended as analytical device substrates. Pigment coatings, consisting of fine particles attached with binder, are commonly used on commercial printing papers, but have not been significantly studied as an analytical platform. However, suitably designed coatings would provide thin wicking layers, requiring only tiny reagent and sample volumes, with adjustable surface chemistries. Inkjet printing provides a non-contact method to deposit reagents or surface chemistry modifiers. The studied coatings consist of porous functionalised calcium carbonate (FCC) pigments and a variety of mainly organic binders. These coatings were printed with 2 custom-designed hydrophobising inks, controlling liquid flow within the hydrophilic coatings. Additionally, 5 polyelectrolyte inks were formulated to effect chromatographic separation of anionic and cationic compounds. Test patterns were developed for evaluating the effects of printing on coatings. Besides coating interactions, jettability studies were conducted on a series concentration of poly-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) polyelectrolyte. Hydrophobic patterning was successfully conducted with the hydrophobising agents, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and polystyrene, with a significant amount of agent required to cover the high area pore surfaces sufficiently. Printed polyelectrolyte increased chromatographic separation for oppositely charged molecules, whilst decreasing the separation of similarly charged molecules. This effect depended on both sample concentration and the amount of polyelectrolyte, though saturation effects were observable for the latter. PolyDADMAC inks up to 10 w/w% were jettable under steady conditions, though the printhead nozzles were increasingly affected by evaporation as polyelectrolyte concentration increased. This work demonstrates that specialised pigment coatings can work as printed analytical platforms. Additional research is needed to provide more robust coatings and efficient printing. Inkjet deposited polyelectrolytes can adjust chromatographic separation on the coatings, and likely on other substrates, though possible re-dissolution and transport of non-adsorbed polyelectrolyte by elution needs to be considered.

AB - Printed microfluidic analytical devices can provide simple, mass producible assays, e.g. for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Such devices typically consist of a permeable, porous base substrate, e.g. cellulosic paper, patterned hydrophobically to control flow of liquid samples. Reagents and/or catalysts within the substrate interact with sample, providing information of the contents, e.g. by colorimetric change or spectroscopically observable reaction products. This work explores inkjet printed surface modification of custom-designed pigment coatings intended as analytical device substrates. Pigment coatings, consisting of fine particles attached with binder, are commonly used on commercial printing papers, but have not been significantly studied as an analytical platform. However, suitably designed coatings would provide thin wicking layers, requiring only tiny reagent and sample volumes, with adjustable surface chemistries. Inkjet printing provides a non-contact method to deposit reagents or surface chemistry modifiers. The studied coatings consist of porous functionalised calcium carbonate (FCC) pigments and a variety of mainly organic binders. These coatings were printed with 2 custom-designed hydrophobising inks, controlling liquid flow within the hydrophilic coatings. Additionally, 5 polyelectrolyte inks were formulated to effect chromatographic separation of anionic and cationic compounds. Test patterns were developed for evaluating the effects of printing on coatings. Besides coating interactions, jettability studies were conducted on a series concentration of poly-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (polyDADMAC) polyelectrolyte. Hydrophobic patterning was successfully conducted with the hydrophobising agents, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and polystyrene, with a significant amount of agent required to cover the high area pore surfaces sufficiently. Printed polyelectrolyte increased chromatographic separation for oppositely charged molecules, whilst decreasing the separation of similarly charged molecules. This effect depended on both sample concentration and the amount of polyelectrolyte, though saturation effects were observable for the latter. PolyDADMAC inks up to 10 w/w% were jettable under steady conditions, though the printhead nozzles were increasingly affected by evaporation as polyelectrolyte concentration increased. This work demonstrates that specialised pigment coatings can work as printed analytical platforms. Additional research is needed to provide more robust coatings and efficient printing. Inkjet deposited polyelectrolytes can adjust chromatographic separation on the coatings, and likely on other substrates, though possible re-dissolution and transport of non-adsorbed polyelectrolyte by elution needs to be considered.

KW - inkjet printing

KW - functional printing

KW - functional coatings

KW - capillary transport

KW - hydrophobicity

KW - microfluidics

KW - polyelectrolytes

KW - chromatography

KW - mustesuihkutulostus

KW - funktionaalinen painatus

KW - funktionaaliset päällysteet

KW - kapillaarivirtaus

KW - hydrofobisuus

KW - mikrofluidinen

KW - polyelektrolyytit

KW - kromatografia

KW - inkjet printing

KW - functional printing

KW - functional coatings

KW - capillary transport

KW - hydrophobicity

KW - microfluidics

KW - polyelectrolytes

KW - chromatography

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-64-0604-6

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS

PB - Aalto University

ER -

Inkjet printed surface chemistry modification of porous coatings for application as microfluidic analytical platforms

Abstrakti

Tutkimusalat

Pääsy asiakirjaan

Sormenjälki

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Biotalousinfrastruktuuri

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