TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro oxygen sensing using intraocular microrobots
AU - Ergeneman, Olgaç
AU - Chatzipirpiridis, George
AU - Pokki, Juho
AU - Marin-Suárez, Marta
AU - Sotiriou, Georgios A.
AU - Medina-Rodriguez, Santiago
AU - Sanchez, Jorge F.Fernández
AU - Fernandez-Gutiérrez, Alberto
AU - Pane, Salvador
AU - Nelson, Bradley J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received February 24, 2012; revised July 26, 2012; accepted August 18, 2012. Date of publication August 31, 2012; date of current version October 16, 2012. This work was supported by the NCCR Co-Me of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Junta de Andalucía, Regional Government of Spain under Project FQM-02625, the Marín-Suárez’s financial support in Switzerland, the SNSF under Project 200020-126694, and the European Research Council. Asterisk indicates the corresponding author.
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - We present a luminescence oxygen sensor integrated with a wireless intraocular microrobot for minimally-invasive diagnosis. This microrobot can be accurately controlled in the intraocular cavity by applying magnetic fields. The microrobot consists of a magnetic body susceptible to magnetic fields and a sensor coating. This coating embodies Pt(II) octaethylporphine (PtOEP) dyes as the luminescence material and polystyrene as a supporting matrix, and it can be wirelessly excited and read out by optical means. The sensor works based on quenching of luminescence in the presence of oxygen. The excitation and emission spectrum, response time, and oxygen sensitivity of the sensor were characterized using a spectrometer. A custom device was designed and built to use this sensor for intraocular measurements with the microrobot. Due to the intrinsic nature of luminescence lifetimes, a frequency-domain lifetime measurement approach was used. An alternative sensor design with increased performance was demonstrated by using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PS-MA) and PtOEP nanospheres.
AB - We present a luminescence oxygen sensor integrated with a wireless intraocular microrobot for minimally-invasive diagnosis. This microrobot can be accurately controlled in the intraocular cavity by applying magnetic fields. The microrobot consists of a magnetic body susceptible to magnetic fields and a sensor coating. This coating embodies Pt(II) octaethylporphine (PtOEP) dyes as the luminescence material and polystyrene as a supporting matrix, and it can be wirelessly excited and read out by optical means. The sensor works based on quenching of luminescence in the presence of oxygen. The excitation and emission spectrum, response time, and oxygen sensitivity of the sensor were characterized using a spectrometer. A custom device was designed and built to use this sensor for intraocular measurements with the microrobot. Due to the intrinsic nature of luminescence lifetimes, a frequency-domain lifetime measurement approach was used. An alternative sensor design with increased performance was demonstrated by using poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PS-MA) and PtOEP nanospheres.
KW - Actuation
KW - magnetic
KW - microrobots
KW - nanosphere
KW - photoluminescence
KW - porphine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84868147729&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TBME.2012.2216264
DO - 10.1109/TBME.2012.2216264
M3 - Article
C2 - 22955866
AN - SCOPUS:84868147729
SN - 0018-9294
VL - 59
SP - 3104
EP - 3109
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
IS - 12 PART2
M1 - 6291753
ER -