How does parenthood affect an ICT practitioner’s work? A survey study with fathers

Context: Many studies have investigated the perception of software development teams about gender bias, inclusion policies, and the impact of remote work on productivity. The studies indicate that mothers and fathers working in the software industry had to reconcile homework, work activities, and child care. Objective: This study investigates the impact of parenthood on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and how the fathers perceive the mothers’ challenges. Recognizing their difficulties and knowing the mothers’ challenges can be the first step towards making the work environment friendlier for everyone. Method: We surveyed 155 fathers from industry and academia from 10 different countries, however, most of the respondents are from Brazil (92.3%). Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. We employed Grounded Theory to identify factors related to (i) paternity leave, (ii) working time after paternity, (iii) childcare-related activities, (iv) prejudice at work after paternity, (v) fathers’ perception of prejudice against mothers, (vi) challenges and difficulties in paternity. We also conduct a correlational and regression analysis to explore some research questions further. Results: In general, fathers do not suffer harassment or prejudice at work for being fathers. However, they perceive that mothers suffer distrust in the workplace and live with work overload because they have to dedicate themselves to many activities. They also suggested actions to mitigate parents’ difficulties. Conclusions: Despite some fathers wanting to participate more in taking care of their children, others do not even recognize the difficulties that mothers can face in the work. Therefore, it is important to explore the problems and implement actions to build a more parent-friendly work environment.