Expanding the property space of cellulosic materials with multifunctional polymers

Niko Aarne

Expanding the property space of cellulosic materials with multifunctional polymers

Julkaisun otsikon käännös: Selluloosapohjaisen materiaalin ominaisuuksien laajentaminen multifunktionaalisten polymeerien avulla

Niko Aarne

Tutkimustuotos: Doctoral Thesis › Collection of Articles

Abstrakti

Tämä työ pyrkii esittämään perustavanlaatuista tietoa miten multifunktionaaliset polyelektrolyytit vaikututtavat kuitujen ja näistä valmistetun paperin fysikaalisiin ominaisuuksiin. Tämän työn punaisena lankana on anionisesti muokattu (negatiivesti varattu) kuitu. Tämä on saatu aikaan adsorboimalla irreversiibelisti karboksimetyyliselluloosaa (CMC) kuituihin. Tämä vahvisti joskus heikkojakin vaikutuksia, joita kationisilla polyelektrolyyteillä on käsittelemättömiin kuituihin. Ensimmäiseksi, lisäämällä kuitujen anionista varausta sekä paperin lujuusominaisuudet että kuitujen vedenpidätyskyky kasvoi. Sen sijaan, kuivattujen ja uudelleenkostutettujen kuitujen käyttö laski paperin lujuutta sekä kuitujen vedenpidätyskykyä. Kuitenkin käsittelemällä anionisesti muokattuja kuituja kationisella (positiviisesti varatulla) polyelektrolyytillä tämä varsin yleinen korrelaatio voitiin katkaista: Vedenpidätyskykyä voitiin alentaa ilman haitallista vaikutusta paperin lujuusominaisuuksiin. Toiseksi, selluloosakuiduille kehitettiin malli, joka jakaa kuiturakenteen kahteen erilliseen osaan: (i) pinta-fibrilleihin ja (ii) soluseinään. Tämä malli auttaa ymmärtämään, miten polyelektrolyytit vaikuttavat, kun vedenpoistoa tai paperin lujuutta halutaan muokata. Kolmanneksi, monitoimiset polymeerit (ioneenit ja lohkopolymeerit) voidaan käyttää laajentamaan kuitujen ominaisuuksia: (i) Paperin märkälujutta voidaan lisätä tai (ii) paperia voidaan hydrofobisoida. Kvaternäärisistä amiineista muodostuvat ioneenit eivät sisällä reaktiivisiä amiineja, kuten tavanomaiset märkälujapolymeerit, joten niitä voidaan käyttää märkälujapolymeerien tutkimuksen ja suunnittelun apuna. Lisäksi lohkopolymeereistä koostuvat misellit mahdollistavat kuitujen hydrofoboinnin säädettävällä polymeerikerroksen paksuudella. Tämä voi olla hyödyllistä, kun kerroksella hydrofobista materiaalia voidaan virittää vaivattomasti valitsemalla tietyntyyppinen lohkokopolymeeri joka miselloidaan ja adsorboidaan kuituun.

Julkaisun otsikon käännös	Selluloosapohjaisen materiaalin ominaisuuksien laajentaminen multifunktionaalisten polymeerien avulla
Alkuperäiskieli	Englanti
Pätevyys	Tohtorintutkinto
Myöntävä instituutio	Aalto-yliopisto
Valvoja/neuvonantaja	Laine, Janne, Vastuuprofessori Kontturi, Eero, Ohjaaja
Kustantaja	Aalto University
Painoksen ISBN	978-952-60-5282-3
Sähköinen ISBN	978-952-60-5283-0
Tila	Julkaistu - 2013
OKM-julkaisutyyppi	G5 Artikkeliväitöskirja

Tutkimusalat

polymeeri
adsorptio
lohkopolymeeri
ioneeni
kuitu
paperi

Pääsy asiakirjaan

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-5283-0

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@phdthesis{eedd2c8642a34ec0a8feba92a1cf0f03,

title = "Expanding the property space of cellulosic materials with multifunctional polymers",

abstract = "This work represents a fundamental effort to improve the knowledge how multifunctional polyelectrolytes affect the physical properties of fibers and the paper made from these fibers. Throughout this work, the anionic charge of the fibers were modified with a well-known method: irreversible adsorption of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibers. This modification amplified the sometimes weak effect that the naturally occurring anionic charge in fibers has on the physical properties of paper. First, increasing the anionic charge of the fibers increased the strength properties of the paper and also water retention. In contrast, drying and then rewetting the fibers decreased the strength and water retention of the fibers. However, treating the anionically modified fibers with cationic polyelectrolyte could break this correlation and the water retention could be lowered without adverse effect on the strength properties. Second, a model for cellulosic fibers was developed. The model divides fibre structure to two distinct regions: (i) surface fibrils (ii) cell wall. This model helps to understand how the polyelectrolytes function when dewatering or strength increasing is needed. Third, multifunctional polymers (ionenes and diblock copolymers) could be used to widen the property space of fibers: (i) to increase the wet strength of the paper or (ii) hydrophobize paper. Ionenes do not have amine reactivity due to their quaternary amine structure like commonly used wet strength agents. Therefore, the results can be used to design more effective wet strength agents. In addition, treatment with diblock copolymer micelles allows hydrophobization of fibers with adjustable layer of hydrophobic material. This could prove valuable as the layer of hydrophobic material can be tuned effortlessly by selecting the starting block copolymer for the desired effect.",

keywords = "cellulose, fibers, paper, polymer, adsorption, block copolymer, ionene, polymeeri, adsorptio, lohkopolymeeri, ioneeni, kuitu, paperi, cellulose, fibers, paper, polymer, adsorption, block copolymer, ionene",

author = "Niko Aarne",

year = "2013",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-952-60-5282-3",

series = "Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS",

publisher = "Aalto University",

number = "125",

address = "Finland",

school = "Aalto University",

}

TY - BOOK

T1 - Expanding the property space of cellulosic materials with multifunctional polymers

AU - Aarne, Niko

PY - 2013

Y1 - 2013

N2 - This work represents a fundamental effort to improve the knowledge how multifunctional polyelectrolytes affect the physical properties of fibers and the paper made from these fibers. Throughout this work, the anionic charge of the fibers were modified with a well-known method: irreversible adsorption of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibers. This modification amplified the sometimes weak effect that the naturally occurring anionic charge in fibers has on the physical properties of paper. First, increasing the anionic charge of the fibers increased the strength properties of the paper and also water retention. In contrast, drying and then rewetting the fibers decreased the strength and water retention of the fibers. However, treating the anionically modified fibers with cationic polyelectrolyte could break this correlation and the water retention could be lowered without adverse effect on the strength properties. Second, a model for cellulosic fibers was developed. The model divides fibre structure to two distinct regions: (i) surface fibrils (ii) cell wall. This model helps to understand how the polyelectrolytes function when dewatering or strength increasing is needed. Third, multifunctional polymers (ionenes and diblock copolymers) could be used to widen the property space of fibers: (i) to increase the wet strength of the paper or (ii) hydrophobize paper. Ionenes do not have amine reactivity due to their quaternary amine structure like commonly used wet strength agents. Therefore, the results can be used to design more effective wet strength agents. In addition, treatment with diblock copolymer micelles allows hydrophobization of fibers with adjustable layer of hydrophobic material. This could prove valuable as the layer of hydrophobic material can be tuned effortlessly by selecting the starting block copolymer for the desired effect.

AB - This work represents a fundamental effort to improve the knowledge how multifunctional polyelectrolytes affect the physical properties of fibers and the paper made from these fibers. Throughout this work, the anionic charge of the fibers were modified with a well-known method: irreversible adsorption of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibers. This modification amplified the sometimes weak effect that the naturally occurring anionic charge in fibers has on the physical properties of paper. First, increasing the anionic charge of the fibers increased the strength properties of the paper and also water retention. In contrast, drying and then rewetting the fibers decreased the strength and water retention of the fibers. However, treating the anionically modified fibers with cationic polyelectrolyte could break this correlation and the water retention could be lowered without adverse effect on the strength properties. Second, a model for cellulosic fibers was developed. The model divides fibre structure to two distinct regions: (i) surface fibrils (ii) cell wall. This model helps to understand how the polyelectrolytes function when dewatering or strength increasing is needed. Third, multifunctional polymers (ionenes and diblock copolymers) could be used to widen the property space of fibers: (i) to increase the wet strength of the paper or (ii) hydrophobize paper. Ionenes do not have amine reactivity due to their quaternary amine structure like commonly used wet strength agents. Therefore, the results can be used to design more effective wet strength agents. In addition, treatment with diblock copolymer micelles allows hydrophobization of fibers with adjustable layer of hydrophobic material. This could prove valuable as the layer of hydrophobic material can be tuned effortlessly by selecting the starting block copolymer for the desired effect.

KW - cellulose

KW - fibers

KW - paper

KW - polymer

KW - adsorption

KW - block copolymer

KW - ionene

KW - polymeeri

KW - adsorptio

KW - lohkopolymeeri

KW - ioneeni

KW - kuitu

KW - paperi

KW - cellulose

KW - fibers

KW - paper

KW - polymer

KW - adsorption

KW - block copolymer

KW - ionene

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

SN - 978-952-60-5282-3

T3 - Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS

PB - Aalto University

ER -

Expanding the property space of cellulosic materials with multifunctional polymers

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