Abstrakti
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method that produces neural excitation in the cortex by means of brief, time-varying magnetic field pulses. The initiation of cortical activation or its modulation depends on the background activation of the neurons of the cortical region activated, the characteristics of the coil, its position and its orientation with respect to the head. TMS combined with simultaneous electrocephalography (EEG) and neuronavigation (nTMS-EEG) allows for the assessment of cortico-cortical excitability and connectivity in almost all cortical areas in a reproducible manner. This advance makes nTMS-EEG a powerful tool that can accurately assess brain dynamics and neurophysiology in test-retest paradigms that are required for clinical trials. Limitations of this method include artifacts that cover the initial brain reactivity to stimulation. Thus, the process of removing artifacts may also extract valuable information. Moreover, the optimal parameters for dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) stimulation are not fully known and current protocols utilize variations from the motor cortex (M1) stimulation paradigms. However, evolving nTMS-EEG designs hope to address these issues. The protocol presented here introduces some standard practices for assessing neurophysiological functioning from stimulation to the DLPFC that can be applied in patients with treatment resistant psychiatric disorders that receive treatment such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), magnetic seizure therapy (MST) or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
| Alkuperäiskieli | Englanti |
|---|---|
| Artikkeli | e57983 |
| Sivumäärä | 6 |
| Julkaisu | Journal of Visualized Experiments |
| Vuosikerta | 2018 |
| Numero | 138 |
| DOI - pysyväislinkit | |
| Tila | Julkaistu - 17 elok. 2018 |
| OKM-julkaisutyyppi | A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä |
Rahoitus
Pantelis Lioumis has been a paid consultant for Nexstim Plc. (Helsinki, Finland) outside the submitted work (i.e., for the motor and speech mapping rTMS applications before 2017). Reza Zomorrodi is a member of the advisory board of Vielight Inc. (Toronto, Canada). Zafiris J. Daskalakis receives research support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), National Institutes of Health - US (NIH), Weston Brain Institute, Brain Canada and the Temerty Family through the CAMH Foundation and the Campbell Research Institute. He received research support and in-kind equipment support for an investigator-initiated study from Brainsway Ltd. and he is the site principal investigator for three sponsor-initiated studies for Brainsway Ltd. He received in-kind equipment support from Magventure for this investigator-initiated study. Daniel M. Blumberger receives research support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), National Institutes of Health - US (NIH), Weston Brain Institute, Brain Canada and the Temerty Family through the CAMH Foundation and the Campbell Research Institute. He received research support and in-kind equipment support for an investigator-initiated study from Brainsway Ltd. and he is the site principal investigator for three sponsor-initiated studies for Brainsway Ltd. He received in-kind equipment support from Magventure for this investigator-initiated study. He received medication supplies for an investigator-initiated trial from Indivior. He has participated in an advisory board for Janssen. This work was funded in part by NIMH R01 MH112815. This work was also supported by the Temerty Family Foundation, Grant Family Foundation and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.
Sormenjälki
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