Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship

Mika Anttila; Martti Toivakka; Patrick Gane

Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship

Mika Anttila
, Martti Toivakka
, Patrick Gane

Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems

Åbo Akademi University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

Abstract

In the offset process, ink film splitting and release properties impact strongly on the stability of the paper surface. The determination of the pick velocity and the pick resistance is one of the most widely used surface strength tests for coated offset papers. Generally, the tack properties of a test ink or viscosity of a test oil
are considered to be the control parameters for generating the separation force required to evaluate surface strength. A frequently overlooked parameter, however, is the influence of the release properties of the materials forming the print nip, i.e. print roller (blanket) and the coated paper surface. In this work, we set out to establish the relationship between paper surface roughness and the critical liquid film thickness (CFT) which determines the force level generated in respect to adhesion and surface contact area. The CFT is here defined as
the film thickness distribution on the surface at which the maximum tack force (release force) value is achieved. A series of six specially designed highly latex bound ground calcium carbonate (GCC) coated papers having
different roughness were tested using the Ink Surface Interaction Tester, ISIT, in respect to measured release force using the extensional tack measurement feature. Newtonian IGT pick test oil was applied at different film thickness on the application roller and the pull-off force (release force) was recorded using a range of contact nip pressure and nip dwell time. The CFT is confirmed primarily to be a function of the surface roughness for materials of defined surface chemistry. The release force maximum value, the width of the release force peak
and the CFT at the maximum force can all be accurately determined. Fine GCC pigments, for example, gave low surface roughness, low CFT values and high but sharp release force peak. The high sensitivity of this test method enables new insights to be gathered into the nature of the paper surface release properties.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Advances in Printing and Media Technology
Subtitle of host publication	Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai
Editors	Patrick Gane, Cathy Ridgway
Place of Publication	Darmstadt
Publisher	International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI)
Pages	193-202
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-9870704-7-1
Publication status	Published - Sept 2017
MoE publication type	A4 Conference publication
Event	International Research Conference of Advances in Printing and Media Technology - Fribourg, Switzerland Duration: 10 Sept 2017 → 13 Sept 2017 Conference number: 44 http://www.iarigai-fribourg.com/

Publication series

Name	Advances in Printing and Media Technology
Publisher	IARIGAI
ISSN (Print)	2409-4021

Conference

Conference	International Research Conference of Advances in Printing and Media Technology
Abbreviated title	IARIGAI
Country/Territory	Switzerland
City	Fribourg
Period	10/09/2017 → 13/09/2017
Internet address	http://www.iarigai-fribourg.com/

Keywords

release force
critical liquid film thickness (CFT)
surface roughness
liquid-void space distribution
offset printing
GCC pigment coating

Cite this

Anttila, M., Toivakka, M., & Gane, P. (2017). Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship. In P. Gane, & C. Ridgway (Eds.), Advances in Printing and Media Technology: Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai (pp. 193-202). (Advances in Printing and Media Technology). International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI).

Anttila, Mika ; Toivakka, Martti ; Gane, Patrick. / Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship. Advances in Printing and Media Technology: Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai. editor / Patrick Gane ; Cathy Ridgway. Darmstadt : International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI), 2017. pp. 193-202 (Advances in Printing and Media Technology).

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title = "Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship",

abstract = "In the offset process, ink film splitting and release properties impact strongly on the stability of the paper surface. The determination of the pick velocity and the pick resistance is one of the most widely used surface strength tests for coated offset papers. Generally, the tack properties of a test ink or viscosity of a test oil are considered to be the control parameters for generating the separation force required to evaluate surface strength. A frequently overlooked parameter, however, is the influence of the release properties of the materials forming the print nip, i.e. print roller (blanket) and the coated paper surface. In this work, we set out to establish the relationship between paper surface roughness and the critical liquid film thickness (CFT) which determines the force level generated in respect to adhesion and surface contact area. The CFT is here defined as the film thickness distribution on the surface at which the maximum tack force (release force) value is achieved. A series of six specially designed highly latex bound ground calcium carbonate (GCC) coated papers having different roughness were tested using the Ink Surface Interaction Tester, ISIT, in respect to measured release force using the extensional tack measurement feature. Newtonian IGT pick test oil was applied at different film thickness on the application roller and the pull-off force (release force) was recorded using a range of contact nip pressure and nip dwell time. The CFT is confirmed primarily to be a function of the surface roughness for materials of defined surface chemistry. The release force maximum value, the width of the release force peak and the CFT at the maximum force can all be accurately determined. Fine GCC pigments, for example, gave low surface roughness, low CFT values and high but sharp release force peak. The high sensitivity of this test method enables new insights to be gathered into the nature of the paper surface release properties. ",

keywords = " release force, critical liquid film thickness (CFT), surface roughness , liquid-void space distribution , offset printing , GCC pigment coating",

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publisher = "International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI)",

pages = "193--202",

editor = "Patrick Gane and Cathy Ridgway",

booktitle = "Advances in Printing and Media Technology",

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Anttila, M, Toivakka, M & Gane, P 2017, Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship. in P Gane & C Ridgway (eds), Advances in Printing and Media Technology: Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai. Advances in Printing and Media Technology, International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI), Darmstadt, pp. 193-202, International Research Conference of Advances in Printing and Media Technology, Fribourg, Switzerland, 10/09/2017.

Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship. / Anttila, Mika; Toivakka, Martti; Gane, Patrick.
Advances in Printing and Media Technology: Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai. ed. / Patrick Gane; Cathy Ridgway. Darmstadt: International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI), 2017. p. 193-202 (Advances in Printing and Media Technology).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

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AU - Gane, Patrick

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Y1 - 2017/9

N2 - In the offset process, ink film splitting and release properties impact strongly on the stability of the paper surface. The determination of the pick velocity and the pick resistance is one of the most widely used surface strength tests for coated offset papers. Generally, the tack properties of a test ink or viscosity of a test oil are considered to be the control parameters for generating the separation force required to evaluate surface strength. A frequently overlooked parameter, however, is the influence of the release properties of the materials forming the print nip, i.e. print roller (blanket) and the coated paper surface. In this work, we set out to establish the relationship between paper surface roughness and the critical liquid film thickness (CFT) which determines the force level generated in respect to adhesion and surface contact area. The CFT is here defined as the film thickness distribution on the surface at which the maximum tack force (release force) value is achieved. A series of six specially designed highly latex bound ground calcium carbonate (GCC) coated papers having different roughness were tested using the Ink Surface Interaction Tester, ISIT, in respect to measured release force using the extensional tack measurement feature. Newtonian IGT pick test oil was applied at different film thickness on the application roller and the pull-off force (release force) was recorded using a range of contact nip pressure and nip dwell time. The CFT is confirmed primarily to be a function of the surface roughness for materials of defined surface chemistry. The release force maximum value, the width of the release force peak and the CFT at the maximum force can all be accurately determined. Fine GCC pigments, for example, gave low surface roughness, low CFT values and high but sharp release force peak. The high sensitivity of this test method enables new insights to be gathered into the nature of the paper surface release properties.

AB - In the offset process, ink film splitting and release properties impact strongly on the stability of the paper surface. The determination of the pick velocity and the pick resistance is one of the most widely used surface strength tests for coated offset papers. Generally, the tack properties of a test ink or viscosity of a test oil are considered to be the control parameters for generating the separation force required to evaluate surface strength. A frequently overlooked parameter, however, is the influence of the release properties of the materials forming the print nip, i.e. print roller (blanket) and the coated paper surface. In this work, we set out to establish the relationship between paper surface roughness and the critical liquid film thickness (CFT) which determines the force level generated in respect to adhesion and surface contact area. The CFT is here defined as the film thickness distribution on the surface at which the maximum tack force (release force) value is achieved. A series of six specially designed highly latex bound ground calcium carbonate (GCC) coated papers having different roughness were tested using the Ink Surface Interaction Tester, ISIT, in respect to measured release force using the extensional tack measurement feature. Newtonian IGT pick test oil was applied at different film thickness on the application roller and the pull-off force (release force) was recorded using a range of contact nip pressure and nip dwell time. The CFT is confirmed primarily to be a function of the surface roughness for materials of defined surface chemistry. The release force maximum value, the width of the release force peak and the CFT at the maximum force can all be accurately determined. Fine GCC pigments, for example, gave low surface roughness, low CFT values and high but sharp release force peak. The high sensitivity of this test method enables new insights to be gathered into the nature of the paper surface release properties.

KW - release force

KW - critical liquid film thickness (CFT)

KW - surface roughness

KW - liquid-void space distribution

KW - offset printing

KW - GCC pigment coating

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A2 - Ridgway, Cathy

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CY - Darmstadt

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ER -

Anttila M, Toivakka M, Gane P. Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship. In Gane P, Ridgway C, editors, Advances in Printing and Media Technology: Proceedings of the 44th International Research Conference of iarigai. Darmstadt: International Association of Research Organizations for the Information, Media and Graphic Arts Industries (IARIGAI). 2017. p. 193-202. (Advances in Printing and Media Technology).

Using ISIT as a Probe to establish Critical Roughness – film thickness relationship

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