Using Explorative spatial analysis methods in a GIS to improve fire and rescue services

Within this paper we examine the use of explorative spatial analysis methods to enhance the calculation and representation of an emergency risk assessment for the Finnish fire and rescue services in the metropolitan area of the Finnish capital Helsinki (including Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen). Some of these methods are available in existing GIS (Geographic Information System) software. Within the strategic levels of planning and management, improvements in the identification of high or low risk areas can assist the emergency preparedness planning and resource evaluation. To enhance the determination of a risk area we visualize the spatial distribution of phenomena like population distribution, building types, workspace distribution etc. and their relevance to the emergency services. In this paper we examine the relation between population density distribution and incident density. To visualize potential variables indicating risk areas we use the third dimension. The results of the paper show that by developing explorative visualizations one can enhance the process of finding and integrating these variables into risk analysis. Within this paper we suggest innovative types of maps as tools for decision makers, which can be used to attract the public to participate in planning procedures.