Unravelling the molecular mechanism of mutagenic factors impacting human health

Keshav Goyal, Harsh Goel, Pritika Baranwal, Aman Dixit, Fahad Khan, Niraj Kumar Jha, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Pratibha Pandey, Avanish Pandey, Mercilena Benjamin, Ankit Maurya, Vandana Yadav, Rana Suryauday Sinh, Pranay Tanwar, Tarun Kumar Upadhyay*, Sandeep Mittan

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview Articlepeer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Environmental mutagens are chemical and physical substances in the environment that has a potential to induce a wide range of mutations and generate multiple physiological, biochemical, and genetic modifications in humans. Most mutagens are having genotoxic effects on the following generation through germ cells. The influence of germinal mutations on health will be determined by their frequency, nature, and the mechanisms that keep a specific mutation in the population. Early prenatal lethal mutations have less public health consequences than genetic illnesses linked with long-term medical and social difficulties. Physical and chemical mutagens are common mutagens found in the environment. These two environmental mutagens have been associated with multiple neurological disorders and carcinogenesis in humans. Thus in this study, we aim to unravel the molecular mechanism of physical mutagens (UV rays, X-rays, gamma rays), chemical mutagens (dimethyl sulfate (DMS), bisphenol A (BPA), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 5-chlorocytosine (5ClC)), and several heavy metals (Ar, Pb, Al, Hg, Cd, Cr) implicated in DNA damage, carcinogenesis, chromosomal abnormalities, and oxidative stress which leads to multiple disorders and impacting human health. Biological tests for mutagen detection are crucial; therefore, we also discuss several approaches (Ames test and Mutatox test) to estimate mutagenic factors in the environment. The potential risks of environmental mutagens impacting humans require a deeper basic knowledge of human genetics as well as ongoing research on humans, animals, and their tissues and fluids.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)61993–62013
Number of pages21
JournalEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume29
Early online date19 Aug 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022
MoE publication typeA2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review

Keywords

  • Ames test
  • DNA damage
  • Human health
  • Metals
  • Mutagenic factors
  • Mutagens
  • Toxicity

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