TY - JOUR
T1 - Toward monitoring and estimating the size of the HFO-contaminated seabed around a shipwreck using MBES backscatter data
AU - Szafrańska, Marta
AU - Gil, Mateusz
AU - Nowak, Jarosław
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to three anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticism and valuable comments. The authors express their gratitude to the Maritime Institute in Gdansk for making the final version of the report (Maritime Institute in Gdansk, 2016) available. The second author appreciates the support of the Gdynia Maritime University in funding this research through internal grant WN/PZ/2021/02.
Funding Information:
The second author appreciates the support of the Gdynia Maritime University in funding this research through internal grant WN/PZ/2021/02 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Despite a progressive reduction of oil spills caused by the activity of maritime transportation, the latent sources of pollution still exist. Although the harmful impact of heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the marine environment is widely known, many shipwrecks cause contamination of the surrounding areas. In this paper, an approach to monitor the area of the HFO spill around a shipwreck is made using a bottom backscattering strength (BBS) obtained by a multibeam echosounder (MBES). As a case study, the s/s Stuttgart wreck located in the Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) is verified. Two different measurement campaigns have been carried out in shallow waters using low (190 kHz) and high (420 kHz) MBES frequency. The results indicate that the polluted area around s/s Stuttgart was estimated at 49.1 ha, which is around 18.3% more in comparison to the geological surveys made four years earlier.
AB - Despite a progressive reduction of oil spills caused by the activity of maritime transportation, the latent sources of pollution still exist. Although the harmful impact of heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the marine environment is widely known, many shipwrecks cause contamination of the surrounding areas. In this paper, an approach to monitor the area of the HFO spill around a shipwreck is made using a bottom backscattering strength (BBS) obtained by a multibeam echosounder (MBES). As a case study, the s/s Stuttgart wreck located in the Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) is verified. Two different measurement campaigns have been carried out in shallow waters using low (190 kHz) and high (420 kHz) MBES frequency. The results indicate that the polluted area around s/s Stuttgart was estimated at 49.1 ha, which is around 18.3% more in comparison to the geological surveys made four years earlier.
KW - Backscatter
KW - Heavy fuel oil (HFO)
KW - Marine pollution monitoring
KW - Multibeam echosounder (MBES)
KW - Shipwreck
KW - Submerged oil
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111222382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112747
DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112747
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85111222382
SN - 0025-326X
VL - 171
JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin
JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin
M1 - 112747
ER -
