TY - CHAP
T1 - The Effect of Heat Curing on the Early-Strength Development of Low-Carbon Concrete
AU - Antonova, Anna
AU - Illarionova, Ekaterina
AU - Al-Neshawy, Fahim
AU - Punkki, Jouni
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The production of cement clinker requires the heating of raw materials up to a temperature of 1450 ℃, making it the third largest industrial energy consumer, generating 6–7% of global CO2 emissions. The fastest alternative for reducing the environmental impact of the cement industry is the partial replacement of cement clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Due to the high price of silica fume and the sharp decrease in fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag seems the most promising SCM for the latter purpose. However, the high level of cement clinker substitution with slag can delay the setting and hardening time of low-carbon concrete. In the scope of this study, heating cables are applied to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the early-strength development of low-carbon concrete. The heating cables are used to supply enough energy to the slag grains and activate their hydration. The amount of heating energy, starting time and duration of heating are tested to accelerate the hardening time of cement with 40–70% of slag to the same level as cement with around 20% of slag (CEMII/B), which is the most used in Finland. Also, the optimum curing process with the least demand for electricity is estimated. The heating system was developed to uniformly distribute the defined amount of heat inside the cast samples. The experimental methods applied to evaluate the development of compressive strength included tracking of the ultrasound pulse velocity, rebound hammer and continuous temperature measurement.
AB - The production of cement clinker requires the heating of raw materials up to a temperature of 1450 ℃, making it the third largest industrial energy consumer, generating 6–7% of global CO2 emissions. The fastest alternative for reducing the environmental impact of the cement industry is the partial replacement of cement clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Due to the high price of silica fume and the sharp decrease in fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag seems the most promising SCM for the latter purpose. However, the high level of cement clinker substitution with slag can delay the setting and hardening time of low-carbon concrete. In the scope of this study, heating cables are applied to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the early-strength development of low-carbon concrete. The heating cables are used to supply enough energy to the slag grains and activate their hydration. The amount of heating energy, starting time and duration of heating are tested to accelerate the hardening time of cement with 40–70% of slag to the same level as cement with around 20% of slag (CEMII/B), which is the most used in Finland. Also, the optimum curing process with the least demand for electricity is estimated. The heating system was developed to uniformly distribute the defined amount of heat inside the cast samples. The experimental methods applied to evaluate the development of compressive strength included tracking of the ultrasound pulse velocity, rebound hammer and continuous temperature measurement.
KW - blast furnace slag
KW - early strength development
KW - heat treatment
KW - Low carbon concrete
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85162105463&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-33187-9_74
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-33187-9_74
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85162105463
SN - 978-3-031-33186-2
VL - 2
T3 - RILEM Bookseries
SP - 809
EP - 819
BT - International RILEM Conference on Synergising Expertise towards Sustainability and Robustness of Cement-based Materials and Concrete Structures. SynerCrete 2023
PB - Springer
T2 - International RILEM Confrerence on Synergising Expertise towards Sustainability and Robustness of Cement-based Materials and Concrete Structures
Y2 - 15 June 2023 through 16 June 2023
ER -