Tensorial Hankel Reconstruction for Coherent DOA Estimation with Sensor Failure

The research on coherent direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is of great significance for high-precision DOA estimation in complex electromagnetic environments. However, existing coherent DOA estimation methods do not consider the issue of sensor failure that is prone to occur under harsh environments. In this paper, we propose a tensorial Hankel reconstruction method for coherent DOA estimation with sensor failure. Specifically, by analyzing the tensorial Hankel property of complete incoherent covariance tensor, we design the tensorial Hankel mapping rule to reconstruct a Hankel tensor from a slice of incomplete coherent covariance tensor. Meanwhile, the fiber-missing elements caused by sensor failure are dispersed to higher dimensions in the reconstruction process, ensuring the effectiveness of conventional low-rank tensor completion algorithm. Then, the completed Hankel tensor is proven to admit the canonical polyadic model, which can be decomposed to obtain DOA estimations. Simulation results confirm the advantage of the proposed tensorial Hankel reconstruction method.