Abstract
We study the robustness of an evolving system that is driven by successive inclusions of new elements or constituents with m random interactions to older ones. Each constitutive element in the model stays either active or is temporarily inactivated depending upon the influence of the other active elements. If the time spent by an element in the inactivated state reaches T W , it gets extinct. The phase diagram of this dynamic model as a function of m and T W is investigated by numerical and analytical methods and as a result both growing (robust) as well as non-growing (volatile) phases are identified. It is also found that larger time limit T W enhances the system's robustness against the inclusion of new elements, mainly due to the system's increased ability to reject 'falling-together' type attacks. Our results suggest that the ability of an element to survive in an unfavourable situation for a while, either as a minority or in a dormant state, could improve the robustness of the entire system.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 181471 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-12 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Royal Society Open Science |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Feb 2019 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Funding
F.O. was partly supported by 'Materials Research by Information Integration' Initiative (MI2I) project of the Support Program for Starting Up Innovation Hub from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). K.K. acknowledges financial support by the Academy of Finland Research project (COSDYN) no. 276439, EU HORIZON 2020 FET Open RIA project (IBSEN) no. 662725, EU HORIZON 2020 INFRAIA-1-2014-2015 program project (SoBigData) no. 654024 and the Rutherford Foundation Visiting Fellowship at The Alan Turing Institute, UK. T.S. was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant nos. 15K05202 and 18K03449.
Keywords
- Dormancy
- Evolutionary dynamics
- Extinctions
- Network models
- Robustness