Relationship between structural characteristics of cellulose nanocrystals obtained from kraft pulp

María Graciela Aguayo; Arturo Fernández-Pérez; Claudia Oviedo; Guillermo Reyes; Pablo Reyes-Contreras

doi:10.3390/nano10091775

Relationship between structural characteristics of cellulose nanocrystals obtained from kraft pulp

María Graciela Aguayo^*
, Arturo Fernández-Pérez
, Claudia Oviedo
, Guillermo Reyes
, Pablo Reyes-Contreras

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

105 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Kraft pulp cellulose was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid, under different thermophysical conditions of temperature, time, pulp concentration, and sonication time. The experimental design revealed the effect of these conditions and their interaction on the hydrolysis yield obtained. In addition, the top five cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) yields from this experiment design were analyzed. The results obtained indicated that CNCs possess a morphology that can be described as individualized rod particles, with average diameters less than 50 nm and different size distribution. In the analysis of CNCs features, significant Pearson correlations were established between the crystallinity of the CNC, CNC yield, and interplanar crystallites distance (∆d/d). The thermogravimetric (DTG) profiles exhibited two CNCs degradation stages, where the second stage CNCs degradation showed a significative correlation with CNC sulfur content. In our analysis, the crystallographic parameters exhibited a correlation with the mechanical behavior of the CNC, since the potential variation between the distances of the crystalline planes is related to the stress and deformation present in the crystallites of CNCs. This study provides new knowledge regarding CNCs, further enhancing information for CNC-based industries and the processability of CNCs for the development of new materials.

Original language	English
Article number	1775
Number of pages	15
Journal	Nanomaterials
Volume	10
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10091775
Publication status	Published - Sept 2020
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

Funding: This research was funded by CONICYT FONDECYT Grant No. 11150595. Acknowledgments: We acknowledge the Center for Research and Development, CMPC Celulosa, Nacimiento, Chile, which, through its R&D Manager, Raúl González Murillo, provided us the raw material (BKEP) and equipment for ICP analysis. A. Fernández-Pérez acknowledges the support of Grant DIUBB 2020230 IF/R. The support of Universidad del Bío-Bío under Project Code INN I+D 20-51:50100040-329 and VRIP—Research Assistant Grant—2020, are gratefully acknowledged by C. Oviedo.

Keywords

Cellulose nanocrystals
Characterization techniques
CNC characterization
Kraft pulp

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10.3390/nano10091775

nanomaterials-10-01775-v2Final published version, 3.85 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Relationship between structural characteristics of cellulose nanocrystals obtained from kraft pulp",

abstract = "Kraft pulp cellulose was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid, under different thermophysical conditions of temperature, time, pulp concentration, and sonication time. The experimental design revealed the effect of these conditions and their interaction on the hydrolysis yield obtained. In addition, the top five cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) yields from this experiment design were analyzed. The results obtained indicated that CNCs possess a morphology that can be described as individualized rod particles, with average diameters less than 50 nm and different size distribution. In the analysis of CNCs features, significant Pearson correlations were established between the crystallinity of the CNC, CNC yield, and interplanar crystallites distance (∆d/d). The thermogravimetric (DTG) profiles exhibited two CNCs degradation stages, where the second stage CNCs degradation showed a significative correlation with CNC sulfur content. In our analysis, the crystallographic parameters exhibited a correlation with the mechanical behavior of the CNC, since the potential variation between the distances of the crystalline planes is related to the stress and deformation present in the crystallites of CNCs. This study provides new knowledge regarding CNCs, further enhancing information for CNC-based industries and the processability of CNCs for the development of new materials.",

keywords = "Cellulose nanocrystals, Characterization techniques, CNC characterization, Kraft pulp",

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AU - Aguayo, María Graciela

AU - Fernández-Pérez, Arturo

AU - Oviedo, Claudia

AU - Reyes, Guillermo

AU - Reyes-Contreras, Pablo

PY - 2020/9

Y1 - 2020/9

N2 - Kraft pulp cellulose was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid, under different thermophysical conditions of temperature, time, pulp concentration, and sonication time. The experimental design revealed the effect of these conditions and their interaction on the hydrolysis yield obtained. In addition, the top five cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) yields from this experiment design were analyzed. The results obtained indicated that CNCs possess a morphology that can be described as individualized rod particles, with average diameters less than 50 nm and different size distribution. In the analysis of CNCs features, significant Pearson correlations were established between the crystallinity of the CNC, CNC yield, and interplanar crystallites distance (∆d/d). The thermogravimetric (DTG) profiles exhibited two CNCs degradation stages, where the second stage CNCs degradation showed a significative correlation with CNC sulfur content. In our analysis, the crystallographic parameters exhibited a correlation with the mechanical behavior of the CNC, since the potential variation between the distances of the crystalline planes is related to the stress and deformation present in the crystallites of CNCs. This study provides new knowledge regarding CNCs, further enhancing information for CNC-based industries and the processability of CNCs for the development of new materials.

AB - Kraft pulp cellulose was hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid, under different thermophysical conditions of temperature, time, pulp concentration, and sonication time. The experimental design revealed the effect of these conditions and their interaction on the hydrolysis yield obtained. In addition, the top five cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) yields from this experiment design were analyzed. The results obtained indicated that CNCs possess a morphology that can be described as individualized rod particles, with average diameters less than 50 nm and different size distribution. In the analysis of CNCs features, significant Pearson correlations were established between the crystallinity of the CNC, CNC yield, and interplanar crystallites distance (∆d/d). The thermogravimetric (DTG) profiles exhibited two CNCs degradation stages, where the second stage CNCs degradation showed a significative correlation with CNC sulfur content. In our analysis, the crystallographic parameters exhibited a correlation with the mechanical behavior of the CNC, since the potential variation between the distances of the crystalline planes is related to the stress and deformation present in the crystallites of CNCs. This study provides new knowledge regarding CNCs, further enhancing information for CNC-based industries and the processability of CNCs for the development of new materials.

KW - Cellulose nanocrystals

KW - Characterization techniques

KW - CNC characterization

KW - Kraft pulp

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DO - 10.3390/nano10091775

M3 - Article

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VL - 10

JO - Nanomaterials

JF - Nanomaterials

IS - 9

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ER -

Relationship between structural characteristics of cellulose nanocrystals obtained from kraft pulp

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