Radial deformation and failure of stabilised soft clay under uniaxial compression

Zhong Sen Li; Yinning Zhang; Mateusz Janiszewski; Leena Korkiala-Tanttu

doi:10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213

Radial deformation and failure of stabilised soft clay under uniaxial compression

Zhong Sen Li^*
, Yinning Zhang
, Mateusz Janiszewski
, Leena Korkiala-Tanttu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

143 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This study examined the performances of four newly developed binders in stabilising soft Finnish clay by considering both the mechanical behaviour and environmental effect (i.e., carbon footprint). Thirty-six compacted clay-binder mixtures were investigated via uniaxial compression tests, during which photogrammetric scans were performed at axial strains of 0, 1, 3, and 7.5%. The testing protocol enabled the characterisation of full-field radial deformations and fracture developments. Experimental results demonstrated that varying the amounts and types of industrial by-products used in the production of binders has substantial potential to reduce carbon footprints. In terms of radial deformations, their distributions were highly non-uniform at different heights and loading stages. Radial displacements increased continuously at axial strains smaller than 3% (corresponding to peak strength point), whereas such a continuity disappeared afterwards, and global failures appeared. Based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, the observed failures were categorised into three modes: inclined shearing (IS), axial splitting (AS) and hybrid shearing-splitting (HSS). For the studied specimens, shearing was the most common mechanism leading to failure. (C) 2022 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Geotechnical Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Original language	English
Article number	101213
Number of pages	18
Journal	Soils and Foundations
Volume	62
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213
Publication status	Published - Oct 2022
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors thank their partners (City of Helsinki, Ecolan Oy, Finnsementti and Nordkalk Oy) for providing the binders/clays. The technical group at Aalto Civil Engineering Department helped in building the photogrammetric studio. The comments of Professor Jean-Marie Fleureau on the initial draft of this paper are acknowledged. Data presented in the present study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG 13 Climate Action

Keywords

CO emissions per strength
Compressive cracks
Failure mode
Photogrammetry
Stabilised soft clay
Sustainable binder mixture

Access to Document

10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

1-s2.0-S0038080622001214-mainFinal published version, 7.16 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

@article{f72c5fd3d17a47368d62bdc2b7cf35c3,

title = "Radial deformation and failure of stabilised soft clay under uniaxial compression",

abstract = "This study examined the performances of four newly developed binders in stabilising soft Finnish clay by considering both the mechanical behaviour and environmental effect (i.e., carbon footprint). Thirty-six compacted clay-binder mixtures were investigated via uniaxial compression tests, during which photogrammetric scans were performed at axial strains of 0, 1, 3, and 7.5\%. The testing protocol enabled the characterisation of full-field radial deformations and fracture developments. Experimental results demonstrated that varying the amounts and types of industrial by-products used in the production of binders has substantial potential to reduce carbon footprints. In terms of radial deformations, their distributions were highly non-uniform at different heights and loading stages. Radial displacements increased continuously at axial strains smaller than 3\% (corresponding to peak strength point), whereas such a continuity disappeared afterwards, and global failures appeared. Based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, the observed failures were categorised into three modes: inclined shearing (IS), axial splitting (AS) and hybrid shearing-splitting (HSS). For the studied specimens, shearing was the most common mechanism leading to failure. (C) 2022 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Geotechnical Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).",

keywords = "CO emissions per strength, Compressive cracks, Failure mode, Photogrammetry, Stabilised soft clay, Sustainable binder mixture",

author = "Li, \{Zhong Sen\} and Yinning Zhang and Mateusz Janiszewski and Leena Korkiala-Tanttu",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank their partners (City of Helsinki, Ecolan Oy, Finnsementti and Nordkalk Oy) for providing the binders/clays. The technical group at Aalto Civil Engineering Department helped in building the photogrammetric studio. The comments of Professor Jean-Marie Fleureau on the initial draft of this paper are acknowledged. Data presented in the present study are available from the corresponding author upon request. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213",

language = "English",

volume = "62",

journal = "Soils and Foundations",

issn = "0038-0806",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Radial deformation and failure of stabilised soft clay under uniaxial compression

AU - Li, Zhong Sen

AU - Zhang, Yinning

AU - Janiszewski, Mateusz

AU - Korkiala-Tanttu, Leena

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank their partners (City of Helsinki, Ecolan Oy, Finnsementti and Nordkalk Oy) for providing the binders/clays. The technical group at Aalto Civil Engineering Department helped in building the photogrammetric studio. The comments of Professor Jean-Marie Fleureau on the initial draft of this paper are acknowledged. Data presented in the present study are available from the corresponding author upon request. Publisher Copyright: © 2022

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - This study examined the performances of four newly developed binders in stabilising soft Finnish clay by considering both the mechanical behaviour and environmental effect (i.e., carbon footprint). Thirty-six compacted clay-binder mixtures were investigated via uniaxial compression tests, during which photogrammetric scans were performed at axial strains of 0, 1, 3, and 7.5%. The testing protocol enabled the characterisation of full-field radial deformations and fracture developments. Experimental results demonstrated that varying the amounts and types of industrial by-products used in the production of binders has substantial potential to reduce carbon footprints. In terms of radial deformations, their distributions were highly non-uniform at different heights and loading stages. Radial displacements increased continuously at axial strains smaller than 3% (corresponding to peak strength point), whereas such a continuity disappeared afterwards, and global failures appeared. Based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, the observed failures were categorised into three modes: inclined shearing (IS), axial splitting (AS) and hybrid shearing-splitting (HSS). For the studied specimens, shearing was the most common mechanism leading to failure. (C) 2022 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Geotechnical Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

AB - This study examined the performances of four newly developed binders in stabilising soft Finnish clay by considering both the mechanical behaviour and environmental effect (i.e., carbon footprint). Thirty-six compacted clay-binder mixtures were investigated via uniaxial compression tests, during which photogrammetric scans were performed at axial strains of 0, 1, 3, and 7.5%. The testing protocol enabled the characterisation of full-field radial deformations and fracture developments. Experimental results demonstrated that varying the amounts and types of industrial by-products used in the production of binders has substantial potential to reduce carbon footprints. In terms of radial deformations, their distributions were highly non-uniform at different heights and loading stages. Radial displacements increased continuously at axial strains smaller than 3% (corresponding to peak strength point), whereas such a continuity disappeared afterwards, and global failures appeared. Based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, the observed failures were categorised into three modes: inclined shearing (IS), axial splitting (AS) and hybrid shearing-splitting (HSS). For the studied specimens, shearing was the most common mechanism leading to failure. (C) 2022 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Geotechnical Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

KW - CO emissions per strength

KW - Compressive cracks

KW - Failure mode

KW - Photogrammetry

KW - Stabilised soft clay

KW - Sustainable binder mixture

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85137180993

U2 - 10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213

DO - 10.1016/j.sandf.2022.101213

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85137180993

SN - 0038-0806

VL - 62

JO - Soils and Foundations

JF - Soils and Foundations

IS - 5

M1 - 101213

ER -

Radial deformation and failure of stabilised soft clay under uniaxial compression

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this