Privacy-preserving D2D Cooperative Location Verification

Device-to-Device (D2D) cooperative location verification allows a device to verify its location with the help of neighbouring devices. It is especially handy in location-based services where location verification is essential. However, the exposure of device location during verification rises a big privacy risk for participants since they have to send their real-time locations to unknown verifiers holding anonymous identities. Thus, a privacy-preserving solution is urgently needed to provide verification without location disclosure. Traditional solutions based on Paillier and garbled circuits can solve the problem but also introduce high cost. Based on order-preserving encryption, we propose an efficient protocol with high-security guarantee to address this issue. Apart from rigorous security proof, complexity analysis and extensive experiments are also conducted to evaluate the proposed solution. The results compared with related work show that order-preserving encryption based mechanism achieves the best balance with regards to privacy, utility and performance requirements.