(poster) Surface-nanostructured glass as photovoltaics-integrated architectural window

There is growing interest in sustainable technologies to meet strict building standards and environmental goals. Recently, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), especially luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), have been developed as essential technologies to harness sustainable solar energy. However, those materials are expensive and not stable over time.
Our work introduces a novel use of femtosecond-laser-nanostructured borosilicate glass for BIPV, providing a viable alternative to traditional LSC windows. Using a scalable, one-step femtosecond laser direct writing process, we fabricate nanostructured glass that efficiently scatters light toward edge-mounted solar cells. Comprehensive characterization methods, such as SEM, XRD, Raman, photoluminescence spectroscopy and spectrophotometry, optimize the laser processing. The results indicate that nanostructured glass, especially when processed at an optimal speed of 400 mm/s, greatly enhances waveguiding and optical efficiency. The proof-of-concept system achieves a 55-fold increase in photocurrent generation, confirming its superior performance. Additionally, a hydrophobic coating achieves superhydrophobicity with contact angles of ~170°, enabling self-cleaning properties. This approach enhances both the efficiency and practicality of BIPV.
Further research is needed to scale up the process and assess large-area performance. Future work may focus on optimizing glass types and integrating nanostructured surfaces with conventional LSCs for greater efficiency. This study highlights the potential of femtosecond laser-processed glass for advancing renewable energy in the building sector.