Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO2 and MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems

Junmo Jeon; Radoslaw M. Michallik; Daniel Lindberg

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.405

Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO₂ and MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ systems

Junmo Jeon
, Radoslaw M. Michallik
, Daniel Lindberg^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Geological Survey of Finland

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

The phase equilibria of the binary ZnO-SiO₂ and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ systems were investigated. Several experiments on the MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ were carried out at 1550 °C and 1600 °C. The equilibrated samples were observed and analyzed using EPMA and SEM/EDS. A renewed ternary peritectic point at 1573 °C for the olivine, periclase, zincite, and liquid slag phases was observed. Based on the experimental data from this study and previous studies, the thermodynamic parameters for the binary ZnO-SiO₂ and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ systems were developed or optimized with the modified quasichemical model using thermochemical software, FactSage 8.3. The optimized phase diagram of the binary ZnO-SiO₂ system fits well with experimental data from previous studies, and its thermodynamic parameters showed reasonable values. The optimized phase diagrams of the ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ system at 1550 °C–1740 °C are in good agreement with the phase equilibria studies in this study and previous research.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	47003-47013
Number of pages	11
Journal	Ceramics International
Volume	51
Issue number	25PC
Early online date	24 Sept 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.405
Publication status	Published - Oct 2025
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

Funding from the Steel and Metals Producers Foundation (Teknologiateollisuuden 100-Vuotisjuhlasäätiö) is greatly appreciated. This study utilized the Academy of Finland's RawMatTERS Finland Infrastructure (RAMI), based jointly at Aalto University, GTK, and VTT.

Keywords

Eutectic and peritectic point
Metallurgical slags
Phase equilibria
Thermodynamic modeling

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Phase_equilibria_and_thermodynamic_optimization_of_the_ZnO-SiO2_and_MgO-ZnO-SiO2_systemsFinal published version, 6.65 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO2 and MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems",

abstract = "The phase equilibria of the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were investigated. Several experiments on the MgO-ZnO-SiO2 were carried out at 1550 °C and 1600 °C. The equilibrated samples were observed and analyzed using EPMA and SEM/EDS. A renewed ternary peritectic point at 1573 °C for the olivine, periclase, zincite, and liquid slag phases was observed. Based on the experimental data from this study and previous studies, the thermodynamic parameters for the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were developed or optimized with the modified quasichemical model using thermochemical software, FactSage 8.3. The optimized phase diagram of the binary ZnO-SiO2 system fits well with experimental data from previous studies, and its thermodynamic parameters showed reasonable values. The optimized phase diagrams of the ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 system at 1550 °C–1740 °C are in good agreement with the phase equilibria studies in this study and previous research.",

keywords = "Eutectic and peritectic point, Metallurgical slags, Phase equilibria, Thermodynamic modeling",

author = "Junmo Jeon and Michallik, \{Radoslaw M.\} and Daniel Lindberg",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Authors",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.405",

language = "English",

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AU - Jeon, Junmo

AU - Michallik, Radoslaw M.

AU - Lindberg, Daniel

PY - 2025/10

Y1 - 2025/10

N2 - The phase equilibria of the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were investigated. Several experiments on the MgO-ZnO-SiO2 were carried out at 1550 °C and 1600 °C. The equilibrated samples were observed and analyzed using EPMA and SEM/EDS. A renewed ternary peritectic point at 1573 °C for the olivine, periclase, zincite, and liquid slag phases was observed. Based on the experimental data from this study and previous studies, the thermodynamic parameters for the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were developed or optimized with the modified quasichemical model using thermochemical software, FactSage 8.3. The optimized phase diagram of the binary ZnO-SiO2 system fits well with experimental data from previous studies, and its thermodynamic parameters showed reasonable values. The optimized phase diagrams of the ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 system at 1550 °C–1740 °C are in good agreement with the phase equilibria studies in this study and previous research.

AB - The phase equilibria of the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were investigated. Several experiments on the MgO-ZnO-SiO2 were carried out at 1550 °C and 1600 °C. The equilibrated samples were observed and analyzed using EPMA and SEM/EDS. A renewed ternary peritectic point at 1573 °C for the olivine, periclase, zincite, and liquid slag phases was observed. Based on the experimental data from this study and previous studies, the thermodynamic parameters for the binary ZnO-SiO2 and ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems were developed or optimized with the modified quasichemical model using thermochemical software, FactSage 8.3. The optimized phase diagram of the binary ZnO-SiO2 system fits well with experimental data from previous studies, and its thermodynamic parameters showed reasonable values. The optimized phase diagrams of the ternary MgO-ZnO-SiO2 system at 1550 °C–1740 °C are in good agreement with the phase equilibria studies in this study and previous research.

KW - Eutectic and peritectic point

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KW - Phase equilibria

KW - Thermodynamic modeling

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JO - Ceramics International

JF - Ceramics International

IS - 25PC

ER -

Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO₂ and MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ systems

Abstract

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Raw Materials Research Infrastructure

Cite this

Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO2 and MgO-ZnO-SiO2 systems

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Equipment

Raw Materials Research Infrastructure

Cite this

Phase equilibria and thermodynamic optimization of the ZnO-SiO₂ and MgO-ZnO-SiO₂ systems