Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter

Min Chen; Dmitry Sukhomlinov; Pekka Taskinen; David Grimsey; Anthony Rich; Ari Jokilaakso

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921

Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter

Min Chen
, Dmitry Sukhomlinov
, Pekka Taskinen^*
, David Grimsey
, Anthony Rich
, Ari Jokilaakso

^*Corresponding author for this work

BHP Group Ltd

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

60 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The suspension oxidation of nickel sulfide concentrates in flash smelting conditions was studied using a laboratory-scale laminar flow furnace. The effects of temperature (800–1100 °C) and oxygen concentration (40–85 vol%) in the process gas were investigated. The surface morphology and mineralogical compositions of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The sulfur removal from concentrates was determined using chemical analysis assuming iron as a non-volatile component. It was found that ignition of the nickel concentrates started at a temperature below 800 °C. The sulfur removal from the sieved concentrates increased with increasing temperature. The oxidation was initiated with preferential oxidation of iron in sulfides forming an iron oxide-rich scale on sulfidic core.

Original language	English
Article number	108921
Number of pages	10
Journal	Minerals Engineering
Volume	217
Early online date	15 Aug 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921
Publication status	Published - Oct 2024
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The RAMI infrastructure funded by the Finnish Research Council and hosted by Aalto University, GTK, and VTT was used in the analytical part of this study. The mineralogical phase distributions measured and quantified by Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) and chemical analyses at the analytical laboratory of Eurofins Labtium Oy (Sodankylä, Finland) are kindly recognized.

Keywords

Combustion
Drop-tube furnace
Flash smelting
Ignition
Sulfide ores

Access to Document

10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921Licence: CC BY

CHEM_Chen_et_al_Oxidation_of_nickel_2024_Minerals_EngineeringFinal published version, 11.8 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter",

abstract = "The suspension oxidation of nickel sulfide concentrates in flash smelting conditions was studied using a laboratory-scale laminar flow furnace. The effects of temperature (800–1100 °C) and oxygen concentration (40–85 vol\%) in the process gas were investigated. The surface morphology and mineralogical compositions of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The sulfur removal from concentrates was determined using chemical analysis assuming iron as a non-volatile component. It was found that ignition of the nickel concentrates started at a temperature below 800 °C. The sulfur removal from the sieved concentrates increased with increasing temperature. The oxidation was initiated with preferential oxidation of iron in sulfides forming an iron oxide-rich scale on sulfidic core.",

keywords = "Combustion, Drop-tube furnace, Flash smelting, Ignition, Sulfide ores",

author = "Min Chen and Dmitry Sukhomlinov and Pekka Taskinen and David Grimsey and Anthony Rich and Ari Jokilaakso",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s)",

year = "2024",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921",

language = "English",

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journal = "Minerals Engineering",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter

AU - Chen, Min

AU - Sukhomlinov, Dmitry

AU - Taskinen, Pekka

AU - Grimsey, David

AU - Rich, Anthony

AU - Jokilaakso, Ari

PY - 2024/10

Y1 - 2024/10

N2 - The suspension oxidation of nickel sulfide concentrates in flash smelting conditions was studied using a laboratory-scale laminar flow furnace. The effects of temperature (800–1100 °C) and oxygen concentration (40–85 vol%) in the process gas were investigated. The surface morphology and mineralogical compositions of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The sulfur removal from concentrates was determined using chemical analysis assuming iron as a non-volatile component. It was found that ignition of the nickel concentrates started at a temperature below 800 °C. The sulfur removal from the sieved concentrates increased with increasing temperature. The oxidation was initiated with preferential oxidation of iron in sulfides forming an iron oxide-rich scale on sulfidic core.

AB - The suspension oxidation of nickel sulfide concentrates in flash smelting conditions was studied using a laboratory-scale laminar flow furnace. The effects of temperature (800–1100 °C) and oxygen concentration (40–85 vol%) in the process gas were investigated. The surface morphology and mineralogical compositions of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The sulfur removal from concentrates was determined using chemical analysis assuming iron as a non-volatile component. It was found that ignition of the nickel concentrates started at a temperature below 800 °C. The sulfur removal from the sieved concentrates increased with increasing temperature. The oxidation was initiated with preferential oxidation of iron in sulfides forming an iron oxide-rich scale on sulfidic core.

KW - Combustion

KW - Drop-tube furnace

KW - Flash smelting

KW - Ignition

KW - Sulfide ores

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85201430420

U2 - 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921

DO - 10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108921

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85201430420

SN - 0892-6875

VL - 217

JO - Minerals Engineering

JF - Minerals Engineering

M1 - 108921

ER -

Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter

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Oxidation of nickel concentrates in simulated reaction shaft conditions of the flash smelter

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Funding

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Raw Materials Research Infrastructure

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