Modified bio-electrocoagulation system to treat the municipal wastewater for irrigation purposes

Ahmed Abdulrhman Al-Othman*, Parminder Kaur*, Monzur A. Imteaz, Mahmoud Ezzeldin Hashem Ibrahim, Mika Sillanpää, Mohab Amin Mohamed Kamal

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)
106 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

A modified biological-integrated electrocoagulation method was explored to treat municipal wastewater (MWW) for irrigation purposes. To use treated wastewater for irrigation purposes a wide range of contaminants removal was focused on in this study (turbidity, hardness, conductivity, TDS, TSS, chloride, Ammonia nitrogen, BOD, COD, and total coliform). Raw municipal wastewater (RMWW) was treated in a modified Bio-Electrocoagulation (BEC) cell. The cell was operated in a continuous flow mode and consisted of an electrocoagulation stage using aluminum (Al) electrodes followed by a bioremediation stage using a fixed bio-filter (BF), the design of the cell was further modified by the addition of a sand filter (SF). The effect of several parameters such as applied voltage (22, 26, and 30 V), inlet flow rate (1, 3, and 5 Lh-1), and initial pH (pH 3, 5, 7, 7.4, and 9) was investigated to determine the optimum operating conditions for selected responses. The most effective operating conditions for the BEC were investigated for the different irrigation water quality (WQ) indicators. It was observed that pH 7.4 and 26 V provide maximum removal efficiency of contaminants at the flow rate of 1 Lh-1. A fixed film BF plays a positive role to improve the degradation of contaminants after the EC unit up to 4% of NH3–N, 9.3% of BOD, and 7.8% of COD. In addition, using the SF improved the turbidity removal to 42.6%. The WQ specifications of the treated MWW using the BEC cell were compared with the standard specifications for restricted and unrestricted agricultural irrigation water. The overall operating cost of MWW treatment for irrigation purposes by using a modified bio-integrated electrocoagulation method was 0.76 $m−3.

Original languageEnglish
Article number135746
Number of pages9
JournalChemosphere
Volume307
Issue numberPart 1
Early online date20 Jul 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2022
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

  • Bio-electrocoagulation
  • Biofilters
  • Municipal wastewater
  • Sand filter
  • Water quality

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