Low-Power Wireless Transceiver with 67-nW Differential Pulse-Position Modulation Transmitter

Mika Pulkkinen*, Tuomas Haapala, Jarno Salomaa, Kari Halonen

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)
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Abstract

This article presents a low-power wireless narrowband (NB) transceiver consisting of a 434-MHz NB transmitter (NBTX) and a 434-MHz NB receiver (NBRX) implemented in 0.18 μ m CMOS. The NBTX utilizes differential pulse-position modulation (DPPM) to decrease consumed energy per bit (EPB) by up to 67% compared to on-off keying (OOK). The packet error performance of DPPM with a soft-decision decoding scheme is analyzed. According to the results, the packet error ratio (PER) does not deteriorate compared to OOK except at very low signal-to-noise levels. The lowest power consumption of the NBTX is 8.3 μ W when DPPM data is transmitted continuously. Utilizing packet-mode transmission, the average power consumption is 67 nW at a data rate of 4.8 kbps. The transmitted data was received with a PER of 0.1% by a receiver placed at a 30-meter distance from the NBTX. With a higher power consumption of 2.5 μ W at the same data rate, the estimated line-of-sight (LOS) uplink range is up to 200 meters. The NBRX is a mixer-first uncertain-IF receiver. A temperature-compensated ring oscillator (TCRO) is utilized as a local oscillator. Its measured deviation of frequency is from +0.1% to -1.2% over a temperature range from -40 to +85 °C. The NBRX utilizes Manchester encoding and the sensitivity is -87 to -82 dBm over the temperature range at a data rate of 40 kbps. The NBRX consumes 85 μ W.

Original languageEnglish
Article number9161276
Pages (from-to)5468-5481
Number of pages14
JournalIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
Volume67
Issue number12
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2020
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

  • differential pulse-position modulation
  • energy efficiency
  • hard-decision
  • Internet of Things
  • Narrowband
  • on-off keying
  • receiver
  • ring oscillator
  • soft-decision
  • temperature compensation
  • transceiver
  • transmitter
  • uncertain-IF

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  • TDP 2017

    Halonen, K., Saarinen, V., Pulkkinen, M., Moayer, M. M., Haapala, T. & Salomaa, J.

    01/01/201731/12/2018

    Project: Business Finland: Other research funding

  • NAKU

    Halonen, K., Moayer, M. M., Pulkkinen, M., Salomaa, J. & Haapala, T.

    01/03/201530/06/2018

    Project: Business Finland: Strategic research openings

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