Interfacial catalysis and lignin nanoparticles for strong fire- and water-resistant composite adhesives

K. Alexander Henn; Susanna Forssell; Antti Pietiläinen; Nina Forsman; Ira Smal; Paula Nousiainen; Rahul Prasad Bangalore Ashok; Pekka Oinas; Monika Österberg

doi:10.1039/d2gc01637k

Interfacial catalysis and lignin nanoparticles for strong fire- and water-resistant composite adhesives

K. Alexander Henn
, Susanna Forssell
, Antti Pietiläinen
, Nina Forsman
, Ira Smal
, Paula Nousiainen
, Rahul Prasad Bangalore Ashok
, Pekka Oinas
, Monika Österberg^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

62 Citations (Scopus)

145 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Wood is increasingly replacing concrete to reduce CO₂ emissions in buildings, but fossil-based adhesives are still being used in wood panels. Epoxidized lignin adhesives could be a potential replacement, but their preparation has so far required low-molecular weight lignin and long reaction times. Here we show a new efficient method to produce epoxidized kraft lignin (EKL) from regular kraft lignin by using interfacial catalysis. We demonstrate that EKL combined with biocolloids in the form of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) produces a strong adhesive comparable to commercially available ones when cross-linked at 130-160 °C for only 3-5 minutes. The adhesive was free of phenol or formaldehyde, had a lignin content of over 80% and still showed impressive wet strength and incredible thermal stability. The process was shown to be scalable and environmentally more sustainable than resins from fossil-based feedstock or currently available ones from renewable resources.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6487-6500
Journal	Green Chemistry
Volume	24
Issue number	17
Early online date	1 Aug 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/d2gc01637k
Publication status	Published - 7 Sept 2022
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This work was a part of the Academy of Finland's Flagship Programme under projects no. 318890 and 318891 (Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). KAH thanks FinnCERES for their financial and organizational support. KAH, SF, NF and RPBA thank Business Finland for financing via the LignoSphere project (project number: 2117744). PN acknowledges receiving funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 869993. The authors thank Dr Heidi Henrickson for her generous help with proofreading and linguistic guidance. KAH also thanks Dr Tao Zou for sharing his knowledge and expertise in the characterization of lignin-epoxy materials. Lastly, KAH and SF are grateful for Dr Esko Tirronen's excellent and generous guidance in plant and process design.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG 13 Climate Action

Access to Document

10.1039/d2gc01637kLicence: CC BY

CHEM_Henn_et_al_Interfacial_catalysis_and_lignin_2022_Green_ChemistryFinal published version, 5.14 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Interfacial catalysis and lignin nanoparticles for strong fire- and water-resistant composite adhesives",

abstract = "Wood is increasingly replacing concrete to reduce CO2 emissions in buildings, but fossil-based adhesives are still being used in wood panels. Epoxidized lignin adhesives could be a potential replacement, but their preparation has so far required low-molecular weight lignin and long reaction times. Here we show a new efficient method to produce epoxidized kraft lignin (EKL) from regular kraft lignin by using interfacial catalysis. We demonstrate that EKL combined with biocolloids in the form of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) produces a strong adhesive comparable to commercially available ones when cross-linked at 130-160 °C for only 3-5 minutes. The adhesive was free of phenol or formaldehyde, had a lignin content of over 80\% and still showed impressive wet strength and incredible thermal stability. The process was shown to be scalable and environmentally more sustainable than resins from fossil-based feedstock or currently available ones from renewable resources.",

author = "Henn, \{K. Alexander\} and Susanna Forssell and Antti Pietil{\"a}inen and Nina Forsman and Ira Smal and Paula Nousiainen and \{Bangalore Ashok\}, \{Rahul Prasad\} and Pekka Oinas and Monika {\"O}sterberg",

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AU - Henn, K. Alexander

AU - Forssell, Susanna

AU - Pietiläinen, Antti

AU - Forsman, Nina

AU - Smal, Ira

AU - Nousiainen, Paula

AU - Bangalore Ashok, Rahul Prasad

AU - Oinas, Pekka

AU - Österberg, Monika

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AB - Wood is increasingly replacing concrete to reduce CO2 emissions in buildings, but fossil-based adhesives are still being used in wood panels. Epoxidized lignin adhesives could be a potential replacement, but their preparation has so far required low-molecular weight lignin and long reaction times. Here we show a new efficient method to produce epoxidized kraft lignin (EKL) from regular kraft lignin by using interfacial catalysis. We demonstrate that EKL combined with biocolloids in the form of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) produces a strong adhesive comparable to commercially available ones when cross-linked at 130-160 °C for only 3-5 minutes. The adhesive was free of phenol or formaldehyde, had a lignin content of over 80% and still showed impressive wet strength and incredible thermal stability. The process was shown to be scalable and environmentally more sustainable than resins from fossil-based feedstock or currently available ones from renewable resources.

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JO - Green Chemistry

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Interfacial catalysis and lignin nanoparticles for strong fire- and water-resistant composite adhesives

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

-: IMPRESS, Louhi-Kultanen

LignoSphere, Bioproducts

FinnCERES: Competence Center for the Materials Bioeconomy: A Flagship for our Sustainable Future

Eco-Glue Can Replace Harmful Adhesives in Wood Construction

An Eco-Friendly Alternative for Adhesives

Cite this

Interfacial catalysis and lignin nanoparticles for strong fire- and water-resistant composite adhesives

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

-: IMPRESS, Louhi-Kultanen

LignoSphere, Bioproducts

FinnCERES: Competence Center for the Materials Bioeconomy: A Flagship for our Sustainable Future

Press/Media

Eco-Glue Can Replace Harmful Adhesives in Wood Construction

An Eco-Friendly Alternative for Adhesives

Cite this