Incorporating Field Effects into Functional Product-System Architecting Methods

System architecture and modularity decisions are inherent to preliminary concept design. Prior modularity research has considered minimizing interactions between modules and increasing the commonality among modular product variants. Effective approaches include function structure partitioning guidelines, affinity analysis, or matrix clustering algorithms. We consider here designs with field constraints, such as situations when elements cannot be placed in certain regions such as a high-temperature field, a high-pressure field, a high magnetic field, etc. which place constraints on modularity choices. Practical design guidelines are developed here for modularity considering field constraints. Two types of guidelines are proposed, field separation and concept generation. The field separation guidelines propose zonal boundaries within which system modules need be confined. The concept generation guidelines propose how to violate the field constraints through new concepts. Moving functionality from one side of a field boundary to the other is nontrivial and involves new concept generation for the modules to function at the higher or lower field values. The guidelines are defined and illustrated via multiple common examples as well as two extended case studies. We demonstrate the approach using field boundaries on an electric motor controller and on a medical contrast injector, and also use of fields to generated novel concepts. The guidelines support for modularity concept and embodiment decisions.