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Abstract
Increased activity in planning offshore wind farms in the northern Baltic Sea has renewed interest in studying the effect of ice cones on ice failure mechanisms. In preparation for future experiments with steep ice cones, preliminary ice basin experiments were performed at the Aalto Ice and Wave Tank to investigate how model ice fails against a 3D-printed cylindrical and a conical structure representative of wind turbine foundations. The main motivation behind the two structures is to test ice loads on a monopile foundation and a monopile foundation fitted with an upward-bending ice cone. Each structure was tested at eight different velocities in three ice sheets with varying mechanical properties, including a newly developed, crushing-optimized model ice. The force exerted by the ice on these rigid structures was measured using a six-axis load cell. The results show that ice undergoes mixed-mode failure on the cone in the form of bending, crushing, and spalling, when tested in crushing-optimized ice. Based on the observations and results, it is recommended that model-scale experiments, focused on mixed-mode ice failure, use model ice with a representative compressive to flexural strength ratio, scaled flexural and compressive strength, and the ability to fail in brittle crushing. If these criteria cannot be met, it may be possible to combine test results from different ice sheets, each focused on one ice failure mechanism. Additionally, this study successfully used 3D-printed structures, which present a new and more accessible method of preparing scale models.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions |
Place of Publication | Glasgow, United Kingdom |
Publisher | International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions (POAC) |
Number of pages | 12 |
Publication status | Published - 2023 |
MoE publication type | A4 Conference publication |
Event | International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions - Glasgow, United Kingdom Duration: 12 Jun 2023 → 16 Jun 2023 Conference number: 27 |
Publication series
Name | Proceedings of the International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions |
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ISSN (Print) | 0376-6756 |
ISSN (Electronic) | 2077-7841 |
Conference
Conference | International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions |
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Abbreviated title | POAC |
Country/Territory | United Kingdom |
City | Glasgow |
Period | 12/06/2023 → 16/06/2023 |
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Dive into the research topics of 'Ice basin experiments on mixed-mode failure on ice cones'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
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WindySea: Modelling engine to design, assess environmental impacts, and operate wind farms for ice-covered waters
Polojärvi, A. (Principal investigator), Petry, A. (Project Member), Owen, C. (Project Member), Prasanna, M. (Project Member), Muchow, M. (Project Member), Puolakka, O. (Project Member) & Lehto, P. (Project Member)
EU The Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)
01/01/2022 → 31/12/2024
Project: Academy of Finland: Other research funding