Projects per year
Abstract
Graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and fullerenes are the basic set of low-dimensional carbon allotropes. The latter two arise from the former by selective removal and addition of carbon atoms. Nevertheless, given their morphological disparities, the production of each is typically devised from entirely different starting points. Here, it is demonstrated that all three allotropes can nucleate from (pseudo-)spherical, nanometer-sized transition metal clusters in a gas-suspension when the chemical conditions are favorable. The experimental results indicate that graphitic carbon embryos nucleate on the catalyst particles and sometimes transform into 2D graphene flakes through chain polymerization of carbon fragments forming in the surround gas atmosphere. It is further shown that hydrogenation reactions play an essential role by stabilizing the emerging flakes by mitigating the pentagon and heptagon defects that lead into evolution of fulleroids. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that the ratio of hydrogen to carbon in the reaction is a key growth parameter. Since structural formation takes place in a gas-suspension, graphene accompanied by fullerenes and single-walled CNTs can be deposited on any surface at ambient temperature with arbitrary layer thicknesses. This provides a direct route for the production and deposition of graphene-based hybrid thin films for various applications.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 2005016 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Advanced Functional Materials |
Volume | 30 |
Issue number | 45 |
Early online date | 13 Sep 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 4 Nov 2020 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- dry-deposition
- floating catalyst CVD
- graphene growth
- low-dimensional carbon allotropes
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Hybrid Low-Dimensional Carbon Allotropes Formed in Gas Phase'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 5 Finished
-
CNTstress: Using Carbon Nanotube Materials to Improve the Stress Grading System of an Electrical Machine
Kauppinen, E., Ahmad, S. & Khan, M.
01/09/2018 → 31/08/2022
Project: Academy of Finland: Other research funding
-
FEDOC: Fast electrochemical detection of opioids in blood sample by carbon nano hybrid electrodes
Koskinen, J., Wester, N., Durairaj, V., Etula, J. & Johansson, L.
01/06/2016 → 31/12/2018
Project: Business Finland: Other research funding
-
CNT-PV: Carbon nanotube hole-transporting and collecting layers for semi-transparent, flexible and low-cost solid-state photovoltaic cells
Zhang, Q., Kauppinen, E. & Wei, N.
01/01/2016 → 31/12/2017
Project: Business Finland: Other research funding