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Abstract
Controlled recycling of battery scrap to recover valuable metals has become essential nowadays not only to fulfill the demand for critical raw materials but also to mitigate the environmental impacts due to the possible release of toxic chemicals and heavy metals from this waste fraction. In the current research, selective sulfation roasting combined with a water leaching route is investigated for the extraction of rare earth metals (REMs) from waste NiMH batteries. The effect of the sulfation roasting kinetic parameters—partial pressure of SO2 (pSO2), and O2 (pO2), and temperature (T), time (t)—on REMs leaching efficiency was examined. The study demonstrated that it is possible to selectively extract REMs from spent NiMH batteries (< 125 µm) by this route. The results showed that, with an increase in temperature and pSO2, the REM leaching efficiency increased linearly. Optimized sulfation roasting conditions are suggested to be 3% SO2–3% O2–Ar at 850 °C for 60 min, resulting in a leaching yield into water of 65% La, 58% Ce, 59% Pr, and 58% Nd along with a very low contamination of Ni (0.4%). These results suggest excellent separation of REMs from the other metallic elements of NiMH scrap. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1354-1368 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | 3 |
Early online date | 13 Jun 2024 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2024 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- Battery recycling
- Niextraction
- NiMH battery scrap
- Rare earth extraction
- Sulfation roasting
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Dive into the research topics of 'Extraction of Rare Earth Metals from NiMH Battery Scrap via Selective Sulfation Roasting'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 1 Finished
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BATCircle2: Finland-based circular ecosystem of battery metals
Lundström, M. (Principal investigator), Karppinen, A. (Project Member), Revitzer, H. (Project Member), Sahlman, M. (Project Member), Lappalainen, H. (Project Member), Rinne, M. (Project Member), Chernyaev, A. (Project Member), Wang, Z. (Project Member), Partinen, J. (Project Member), Alajoki, J. (Project Member), Halli, P. (Project Member), Zou, Y. (Project Member), Wilson, B. (Project Member), Vänskä, J. (Project Member), Palomäki, H. (Project Member), Sibarani, D. (Project Member), Klemettinen, L. (Project Member), Liljanko, H. (Project Member) & Tran, H. (Project Member)
01/05/2021 → 31/08/2024
Project: Business Finland: Strategic centres for science, technology and innovation (SHOK)
Equipment
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Raw Materials Research Infrastructure
Karppinen, M. (Manager)
School of Chemical EngineeringFacility/equipment: Facility