TY - JOUR
T1 - Ensuring Ecosystem Service Provision of Urban Water Nature-Based Solutions in Infill Areas: Comparing Green Factor for Districts and SWMM Modeling in Scenario Assessment
AU - Lähde, Elisa
AU - Dahlberg, Niklas
AU - Piirainen, Paula
AU - Rehunen, Antti
N1 - Funding Information:
Work of Niklas Dahlberg and Antti Rehunen has been part of ATeNAS-project (To Ally Technology, NAture and Society for integrated urban water management) that has been funded by Water JPI WaterWorks 2017.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - This study aims to explore the measurement of potential synergies between water management objectives and other ecosystem services generated by Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in the context of urban planning. The research also investigates the comparative benefits of two analytical methods, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and green area factor for districts (GAFD). The study employs Malmi district in Helsinki, Finland, as a case study, examining five distinct NBS scenarios with varying degrees of integration. The results affirm that NBS can indeed enhance ecosystem services provision and stormwater management. The comparative analysis of the two methods, reveals that scenarios with high green factors exhibit effective flood risk reduction, while those with low green factors struggle to manage water, emphasizing the importance of balancing green and built elements in urban planning for optimal flood risk reduction. Furthermore, the study underscores the advantages of the two methods: GAFD offers simplicity and lower expertise requirements, generating valuable insights into ecosystem services, while SWMM provides precise stormwater management data. The findings emphasize the significance of diverse NBS combinations that harness the multifunctional aspects of green infrastructure, highlighting the need for integrated urban planning. The utilization of GAFD analysis provides a comprehensive districtwide perspective in a flexible manner, thereby improving the comprehension of the interconnected nature of urban green spaces. Highlights: Nature-based solutions (NBS) support urban stormwater management in infill areas.Green Area Factor for Districts (GAFD) is a practical tool to compare NBS options.GAFD and SWMM modeling results on stormwaters are comparable for common rain events.NBS size, quality and diversity reduce peak flows and enhance ecosystem services.Assessment of scenarios with the GAFD tool helps to identify multiple benefits of NBS.
AB - This study aims to explore the measurement of potential synergies between water management objectives and other ecosystem services generated by Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in the context of urban planning. The research also investigates the comparative benefits of two analytical methods, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and green area factor for districts (GAFD). The study employs Malmi district in Helsinki, Finland, as a case study, examining five distinct NBS scenarios with varying degrees of integration. The results affirm that NBS can indeed enhance ecosystem services provision and stormwater management. The comparative analysis of the two methods, reveals that scenarios with high green factors exhibit effective flood risk reduction, while those with low green factors struggle to manage water, emphasizing the importance of balancing green and built elements in urban planning for optimal flood risk reduction. Furthermore, the study underscores the advantages of the two methods: GAFD offers simplicity and lower expertise requirements, generating valuable insights into ecosystem services, while SWMM provides precise stormwater management data. The findings emphasize the significance of diverse NBS combinations that harness the multifunctional aspects of green infrastructure, highlighting the need for integrated urban planning. The utilization of GAFD analysis provides a comprehensive districtwide perspective in a flexible manner, thereby improving the comprehension of the interconnected nature of urban green spaces. Highlights: Nature-based solutions (NBS) support urban stormwater management in infill areas.Green Area Factor for Districts (GAFD) is a practical tool to compare NBS options.GAFD and SWMM modeling results on stormwaters are comparable for common rain events.NBS size, quality and diversity reduce peak flows and enhance ecosystem services.Assessment of scenarios with the GAFD tool helps to identify multiple benefits of NBS.
KW - Ecosystem services
KW - Green area factor
KW - Holistic benefit assessment
KW - Multifunctional Land Use
KW - Nature-based solutions
KW - Storm Water Management Model (SWMM)
KW - Stormwater management
KW - Urban Planning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85179557496&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s40710-023-00676-1
DO - 10.1007/s40710-023-00676-1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85179557496
SN - 2198-7491
VL - 10
JO - Environmental Processes
JF - Environmental Processes
IS - 4
M1 - 61
ER -
