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Abstract
This study investigates the conversion of highly acetylated sugarcane bagasse into high-modulus carbon nanofibers (CnNFs) with exceptional electrical conductivity. By electrospinning the bagasse into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 80 nm to 800 nm, a cost-effective CnNFs precursor is obtained. The study reveals the transformation of the cellulose crystalline structure into a stable antiparallel chain arrangement of cellulose II following prolonged isothermal treatment, leading to a remarkable 50 % increase in CnNFs recovery with carbon contents ranging from 80 % to 90 %. This surpasses the performance of any other reported biomass precursors. Furthermore, graphitization-induced shrinkage of CnNFs diameter results in significant growth of specific surface area and pore volume in the resulting samples. This, along with a highly ordered nanostructure and high crystallinity degree, contributes to an impressive tensile modulus of 9.592 GPa, surpassing that of most petroleum-based CnNFs documented in the literature. Additionally, the prolonged isothermal treatment influences the d002 value (measured at 0.414 nm) and CnNFs degree of crystallinity, leading to an enhancement in electrical conductivity. However, the study observes no size effect advantages on mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, possibly attributed to the potential presence of point defects in the ultrathin CnNFs. Overall, this research opens a promising and cost-effective pathway for converting sugarcane biomasses into high-modulus carbon nanofibers with outstanding electrical conductivity. These findings hold significant implications for the development of sustainable and high-performance materials for various applications, including electronics, energy storage, and composite reinforcement.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 133480 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules |
Volume | 275 |
Issue number | Part 1 |
Early online date | 6 Jul 2024 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Aug 2024 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
Keywords
- Biomass
- Carbon nanofibers
- Electroconductive materials
- Electrospinning
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Dive into the research topics of 'Elucidating the enduring transformations in cellulose-based carbon nanofibers through prolonged isothermal treatment'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
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FinnCERES: Competence Center for the Materials Bioeconomy: A Flagship for our Sustainable Future
Hämäläinen, J. (Principal investigator)
01/05/2022 → 30/06/2026
Project: Academy of Finland: Other research funding