Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion

S. M. Kmigis; D. G. Mitchell; D. C. Hamilton; N. Krupp; S. Livi; E. C. Roelof; J. Dandouras; T. P. Armstrong; B. H. Mauk; C. Paranicas; P. C. Brandt; S. Bolton; A. F. Cheng; T. Choo; G. Gloeckler; J. Hayes; K. C. Hsieh; W. H. Ip; S. Jaskulek; E. P. Keath; E. Kirsch; M. Kusterer; A. Lagg; L. J. Lanzerotti; D. LaVallee; J. Manweiler; R. W. McEntire; W. Rasmuss; J. Saur; F. S. Turner; D. J. Williams; J. Woch

doi:10.1126/science.1105978

Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion

S. M. Kmigis^*, D. G. Mitchell, D. C. Hamilton, N. Krupp, S. Livi, E. C. Roelof, J. Dandouras, T. P. Armstrong, B. H. Mauk, C. Paranicas, P. C. Brandt, S. Bolton, A. F. Cheng, T. Choo, G. Gloeckler, J. Hayes, K. C. Hsieh, W. H. Ip, S. Jaskulek, E. P. KeathE. Kirsch, M. Kusterer, A. Lagg, L. J. Lanzerotti, D. LaVallee, J. Manweiler, R. W. McEntire, W. Rasmuss, J. Saur, F. S. Turner, D. J. Williams, J. Woch

^*Corresponding author for this work

Not published at Aalto University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

155 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed the saturnian magnetosphere from January 2004 until Saturn orbit insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004. The MIMI sensors observed frequent energetic particle activity in interplanetary space for several months before SOI. When the imaging sensor was switched to its energetic neutral atom (ENA) operating mode on 20 February 2004, at ∼10 ³ times Saturn's radius R _S (0.43 astronomical units), a weak but persistent signal was observed from the magnetosphere. About 10 days before SOI, the magnetosphere exhibited a day-night asymmetry that varied with an ∼11-hour periodicity. Once Cassini entered the magnetosphere, in situ measurements showed high concentrations of H ⁺, H ₂ ⁺, O ⁺, OH ⁺, and H ₂O ⁺ and low concentrations of N ⁺. The radial dependence of ion intensity profiles implies neutral gas densities sufficient to produce high loss rates of trapped ions from the middle and inner magnetosphere. ENA imaging has revealed a radiation belt that resides inward of the D ring and is probably the result of double charge exchange between the main radiation belt and the upper layers of Saturn's exosphere.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1270-1273
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	307
Issue number	5713
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105978
Publication status	Published - 25 Feb 2005
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

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Kmigis, S. M., Mitchell, D. G., Hamilton, D. C., Krupp, N., Livi, S., Roelof, E. C., Dandouras, J., Armstrong, T. P., Mauk, B. H., Paranicas, C., Brandt, P. C., Bolton, S., Cheng, A. F., Choo, T., Gloeckler, G., Hayes, J., Hsieh, K. C., Ip, W. H., Jaskulek, S., ... Woch, J. (2005). Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion. Science, 307(5713), 1270-1273. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105978

@article{5cd2344c5afe4af8a8651a9dfe5d0169,

title = "Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion",

abstract = "The Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed the saturnian magnetosphere from January 2004 until Saturn orbit insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004. The MIMI sensors observed frequent energetic particle activity in interplanetary space for several months before SOI. When the imaging sensor was switched to its energetic neutral atom (ENA) operating mode on 20 February 2004, at ∼10 3 times Saturn's radius R S (0.43 astronomical units), a weak but persistent signal was observed from the magnetosphere. About 10 days before SOI, the magnetosphere exhibited a day-night asymmetry that varied with an ∼11-hour periodicity. Once Cassini entered the magnetosphere, in situ measurements showed high concentrations of H +, H 2 +, O +, OH +, and H 2O + and low concentrations of N +. The radial dependence of ion intensity profiles implies neutral gas densities sufficient to produce high loss rates of trapped ions from the middle and inner magnetosphere. ENA imaging has revealed a radiation belt that resides inward of the D ring and is probably the result of double charge exchange between the main radiation belt and the upper layers of Saturn's exosphere.",

author = "Kmigis, {S. M.} and Mitchell, {D. G.} and Hamilton, {D. C.} and N. Krupp and S. Livi and Roelof, {E. C.} and J. Dandouras and Armstrong, {T. P.} and Mauk, {B. H.} and C. Paranicas and Brandt, {P. C.} and S. Bolton and Cheng, {A. F.} and T. Choo and G. Gloeckler and J. Hayes and Hsieh, {K. C.} and Ip, {W. H.} and S. Jaskulek and Keath, {E. P.} and E. Kirsch and M. Kusterer and A. Lagg and Lanzerotti, {L. J.} and D. LaVallee and J. Manweiler and McEntire, {R. W.} and W. Rasmuss and J. Saur and Turner, {F. S.} and Williams, {D. J.} and J. Woch",

year = "2005",

month = feb,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1126/science.1105978",

language = "English",

volume = "307",

pages = "1270--1273",

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Kmigis, SM, Mitchell, DG, Hamilton, DC, Krupp, N, Livi, S, Roelof, EC, Dandouras, J, Armstrong, TP, Mauk, BH, Paranicas, C, Brandt, PC, Bolton, S, Cheng, AF, Choo, T, Gloeckler, G, Hayes, J, Hsieh, KC, Ip, WH, Jaskulek, S, Keath, EP, Kirsch, E, Kusterer, M, Lagg, A, Lanzerotti, LJ, LaVallee, D, Manweiler, J, McEntire, RW, Rasmuss, W, Saur, J, Turner, FS, Williams, DJ & Woch, J 2005, 'Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion', Science, vol. 307, no. 5713, pp. 1270-1273. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105978

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion

AU - Kmigis, S. M.

AU - Mitchell, D. G.

AU - Hamilton, D. C.

AU - Krupp, N.

AU - Livi, S.

AU - Roelof, E. C.

AU - Dandouras, J.

AU - Armstrong, T. P.

AU - Mauk, B. H.

AU - Paranicas, C.

AU - Brandt, P. C.

AU - Bolton, S.

AU - Cheng, A. F.

AU - Choo, T.

AU - Gloeckler, G.

AU - Hayes, J.

AU - Hsieh, K. C.

AU - Ip, W. H.

AU - Jaskulek, S.

AU - Keath, E. P.

AU - Kirsch, E.

AU - Kusterer, M.

AU - Lagg, A.

AU - Lanzerotti, L. J.

AU - LaVallee, D.

AU - Manweiler, J.

AU - McEntire, R. W.

AU - Rasmuss, W.

AU - Saur, J.

AU - Turner, F. S.

AU - Williams, D. J.

AU - Woch, J.

PY - 2005/2/25

Y1 - 2005/2/25

N2 - The Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed the saturnian magnetosphere from January 2004 until Saturn orbit insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004. The MIMI sensors observed frequent energetic particle activity in interplanetary space for several months before SOI. When the imaging sensor was switched to its energetic neutral atom (ENA) operating mode on 20 February 2004, at ∼10 3 times Saturn's radius R S (0.43 astronomical units), a weak but persistent signal was observed from the magnetosphere. About 10 days before SOI, the magnetosphere exhibited a day-night asymmetry that varied with an ∼11-hour periodicity. Once Cassini entered the magnetosphere, in situ measurements showed high concentrations of H +, H 2 +, O +, OH +, and H 2O + and low concentrations of N +. The radial dependence of ion intensity profiles implies neutral gas densities sufficient to produce high loss rates of trapped ions from the middle and inner magnetosphere. ENA imaging has revealed a radiation belt that resides inward of the D ring and is probably the result of double charge exchange between the main radiation belt and the upper layers of Saturn's exosphere.

AB - The Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed the saturnian magnetosphere from January 2004 until Saturn orbit insertion (SOI) on 1 July 2004. The MIMI sensors observed frequent energetic particle activity in interplanetary space for several months before SOI. When the imaging sensor was switched to its energetic neutral atom (ENA) operating mode on 20 February 2004, at ∼10 3 times Saturn's radius R S (0.43 astronomical units), a weak but persistent signal was observed from the magnetosphere. About 10 days before SOI, the magnetosphere exhibited a day-night asymmetry that varied with an ∼11-hour periodicity. Once Cassini entered the magnetosphere, in situ measurements showed high concentrations of H +, H 2 +, O +, OH +, and H 2O + and low concentrations of N +. The radial dependence of ion intensity profiles implies neutral gas densities sufficient to produce high loss rates of trapped ions from the middle and inner magnetosphere. ENA imaging has revealed a radiation belt that resides inward of the D ring and is probably the result of double charge exchange between the main radiation belt and the upper layers of Saturn's exosphere.

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U2 - 10.1126/science.1105978

DO - 10.1126/science.1105978

M3 - Article

C2 - 15731445

AN - SCOPUS:20044385740

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 307

SP - 1270

EP - 1273

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 5713

ER -

Dynamics of Saturn's magnetosphere from MIMI during Cassini's orbital insertion

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