Dynamic Response Analysis of Alkaline and PEM Electrolyzers in Low-Inertia Power Systems: A Comparative Study

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference article in proceedingsScientificpeer-review

Abstract

In modern power systems, the increased integration of intermittent renewable energies has led to heightened uncertainty and low inertia challenges. Current investments in green hydrogen provides the opportunity of addressing these issues, which not only aid in smoothing renewable energy curves but also help manage low inertia issues in the power system. This paper focuses on modeling two similar plants for Alkaline (ALK) and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, along with their respective power-electronics interfaces for grid connection. The dynamic responses of these plants are analyzed within a low-inertia power system, and a PID controller is implemented to control the frequency response in the presence of the electrolyzers. Simulation results conducted on the IEEE 30-bus test system demonstrate a superior dynamic response of PEM electrolyzers compared to ALK electrolyzers, observed from both power and frequency response perspectives. The results show that the fast response of PEM electrolyzers positions them as a more capable solution for Fast Frequency Response (FFR) services in power systems.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings - 24th EEEIC International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 8th I and CPS Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, EEEIC/I and CPS Europe 2024
EditorsZbigniew Leonowicz, Erika Stracqualursi
PublisherIEEE
Number of pages6
ISBN (Electronic)979-8-3503-5518-5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024
MoE publication typeA4 Conference publication
EventIEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and IEEE Industrial Commercial Power Systems Europe - Rome, Italy
Duration: 17 Jun 202420 Jun 2024

Publication series

NameInternational Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering
ISSN (Electronic)2994-9467

Conference

ConferenceIEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and IEEE Industrial Commercial Power Systems Europe
Country/TerritoryItaly
CityRome
Period17/06/202420/06/2024

Keywords

  • Alkaline electrolyzers
  • Dynamic response
  • Fast frequency response
  • Low-inertia systems
  • PEM electrolyzers

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