Double-battery configuration method for electric bus operation in cold regions

Yuan Cong, Heqi Wang, Yiming Bie*, Jiabin Wu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Managing the energy supply of electric buses (EBs) is critical to balance operational reliability and cost reduction. However, ambient temperature significantly affects energy consumption, posing challenges in providing adequate energy supply, especially in cold regions. In this study, we propose a double-battery configuration approach for EBs operating in cold regions with substantial temperature variations between seasons. The method involves utilizing a higher-capacity battery during winter months and a lower-capacity battery for summer operations. To determine the optimal fleet size, battery capacities, and EB scheduling plans in both winter and summer seasons, we formulate an integer programming model, focusing on minimizing the fleet's average annual operating costs (OC) and carbon emissions (CE). The model is solved using the branch and bound method. A case study is conducted, examining EB routes in 11 cold cities. Results reveal that the double-battery configuration method effectively reduces the fleet's average annual OC and CE. Specifically, the reduction ratio range for OC is from 3.34% to 5.18%, while the reduction ratio for CE ranges from 4.06% to 5.16%.

Original languageEnglish
Article number103362
Number of pages21
JournalTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART E: LOGISTICS AND TRANSPORTATION REVIEW
Volume180
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2023
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

  • Carbon emissions
  • Cold region
  • Double-battery configuration
  • Electric bus
  • Operating costs
  • Scheduling plan

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