Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017

MAGIC Collaboration; Merja Tornikoski; Anne Lähteenmäki; Joni Tammi; Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833618

Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017

MAGIC Collaboration, , Merja Tornikoski, Anne Lähteenmäki, Joni Tammi, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

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Abstract

PKS 1510-089 is a flat spectrum radio quasar strongly variable in the optical and GeV range. We search for low-state VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089. We aim to characterize and model the source in a broad-band context, which would provide a baseline over which high states and flares could be better understood. We use daily binned Fermi-LAT flux measurements of PKS 1510-089 to characterize the GeV emission and select the observation periods of MAGIC during low state of activity. For the selected times we compute the average radio, IR, optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray emission to construct a low-state spectral energy distribution of the source. The broadband emission is modelled within an External Compton scenario with a stationary emission region through which plasma and magnetic field are flowing. We perform also the emission-model-independent calculations of the maximum absorption in the broad line region (BLR) using two different models. Results. The MAGIC telescopes collected 75 hrs of data during times when the Fermi-LAT flux measured above 1 GeV was below 3x10-8cm-2s-1, which is the threshold adopted for the definition of a low gamma-ray activity state. The data show a strongly significant (9.5{\sigma}) VHE gamma-ray emission at the level of (4.27+-0.61stat)x10-12cm-2s-1 above 150GeV, a factor 80 smaller than the highest flare observed so far from this object. Despite the lower flux, the spectral shape is consistent with earlier detections in the VHE band. The broad-band emission is compatible with the EC scenario assuming a large emission region located beyond the BLR. For the first time the gamma-ray data allow us to place a limit on the location of the emission region during a low gamma-ray state of a FSRQ. For the used model of the BLR, the 95% C.L. on the location of the emission region allows us to place it at the distance >74% of the outer radius of the BLR.

Original language	English
Article number	A159
Number of pages	12
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	619
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833618
Publication status	Published - 2018
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Galaxies: active
Galaxies: jets
Gamma rays: galaxies
Quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089

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@article{4ae73d03a01d42dabe61680d0e2bba3d,

title = "Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017",

abstract = "PKS 1510-089 is a flat spectrum radio quasar strongly variable in the optical and GeV range. We search for low-state VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089. We aim to characterize and model the source in a broad-band context, which would provide a baseline over which high states and flares could be better understood. We use daily binned Fermi-LAT flux measurements of PKS 1510-089 to characterize the GeV emission and select the observation periods of MAGIC during low state of activity. For the selected times we compute the average radio, IR, optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray emission to construct a low-state spectral energy distribution of the source. The broadband emission is modelled within an External Compton scenario with a stationary emission region through which plasma and magnetic field are flowing. We perform also the emission-model-independent calculations of the maximum absorption in the broad line region (BLR) using two different models. Results. The MAGIC telescopes collected 75 hrs of data during times when the Fermi-LAT flux measured above 1 GeV was below 3x10-8cm-2s-1, which is the threshold adopted for the definition of a low gamma-ray activity state. The data show a strongly significant (9.5{\sigma}) VHE gamma-ray emission at the level of (4.27+-0.61stat)x10-12cm-2s-1 above 150GeV, a factor 80 smaller than the highest flare observed so far from this object. Despite the lower flux, the spectral shape is consistent with earlier detections in the VHE band. The broad-band emission is compatible with the EC scenario assuming a large emission region located beyond the BLR. For the first time the gamma-ray data allow us to place a limit on the location of the emission region during a low gamma-ray state of a FSRQ. For the used model of the BLR, the 95% C.L. on the location of the emission region allows us to place it at the distance >74% of the outer radius of the BLR. ",

keywords = "Galaxies: active, Galaxies: jets, Gamma rays: galaxies, Quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089",

author = "{MAGIC Collaboration} and V.A. Acciari and S. Ansoldi and Antonelli, {L. A.} and Arbet Engels and C. Arcaro and D. Baack and A. Babi{\'c} and B. Banerjee and P. Bangale and {Barres de Almeida}, U. and Barrio, {J. A.} and W Bednarek and E. Bernardini and A Berti and J Besenrieder and W Bhattacharyya and C. Bigongiari and A Biland and O Blanch and G Bonnoli and R Carosi and G Ceribella and S. Cikota and Colak, {S M} and P. Colin and E. Colombo and Contreras, {J. L.} and J. Cortina and S. Covino and V D{\textquoteright}Elia and {Da Vela}, P. and F Dazzi and {De Angelis}, Alessandro and {De Lotto}, B. and M Delfino and J Delgado and F Di Pierro and {Do Souto Espi{\~n}era}, E. and A. Dom{\'i}nguez and D Dominis Prester and D Dorner and M. Doro and S. Einecke and D. Elsaesser and {Fallah Ramazani}, V. and L. Fattorini and A. Fern{\'a}ndez-Barral and G. Ferrara and D. Fidalgo and L. Foﬀano and M.V. Fonseca and L. Font and C. Fruck and D. Galindo and S Gallozzi and {Garc{\'i}a L{\'o}pez}, R.J. and M. Garczarczyk and M. Gaug and P. Giammaria and N. Godinovic and D. Guberman and D. Hadasch and A. Hahn and T. Hassan and J. Herrera and J. Hoang and D. Hrupec and S. Inoue and K. Ishio and Y. Iwamure and Hidetoshi Kubo and J. Kushida and D. Kuve{\v z}di{\'c} and A. Lamastra and D. Lelas and F. Leone and E. Lindfors and S. Lombardi and F. Longo and M. L{\'o}pez and A. L{\'o}pez-Oramas and C. Maggio and P. Majumdar and M. Makariev and G. Maneva and M. Manganaro and K. Mannheim and L. Maraschi and M. Mariotti and M. Mart{\'i}nez and S. Masuda and D. Mazin and M. Minev and J.M. Miranda and R. Mirzoyan and E. Molina and A. Moralejo and V. Moreno and E. Moretti and P. Munar-Adrover and V. Neustroev and A. Niedzwiecki and {Nievas Rosillo}, M. and C. Nigro and K. Nilsson and D. Ninci and K. Nishijima and K. Noda and L. Nogu{\'e}s and S. Paiano and J. Palacio and D. Paneque and R. Paoletti and J.M. Paredes and G. Pedaletti and P. Pe{\~n}il and M. Peresano and M. Persic and {Prada Moroni}, P.G. and E. Prandini and I. Puljak and J.R. Garcia and W. Rhode and M. Rib{\'o} and J. Rico and C. Righi and A. Rugliancich and L. Saha and T. Saito and K. Satalecka and T. Schweizer and J. Sitarek and I. {\v S}nidari{\'c} and D. Sobczynska and A. Somero and A. Stamerra and M. Strzys and T. Suric and F. Tavecchio and P. Temnikov and T. Terzic and M. Teshima and N. Torres-Alb{\`a} and S. Tsujimoto and {van Scherpenberg}, J. and G. Vanzo and Acosta, {M. Vazquez} and I. Vovk and J.E. Ward and M. Will and D. Zari{\'c} and {Becerra Gonz{\'a}lez}, J. and C.M. Raiteri and A. Sandrinelli and Talvikki Hovatta and Sebastian Kiehlmann and W. Max-Moerbeck and Merja Tornikoski and Anne L{\"a}hteenm{\"a}ki and Joni Tammi and Venkatessh Ramakrishnan and C. Thum and I. Agudo and S.N. Molina and J.L. G{\'o}mez and A. Fuentes and C. Casadio and Efthalia Traianou and I. Myserlis and J.-Y Kim",

year = "2018",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201833618",

language = "English",

volume = "619",

journal = "Astronomy & Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP SCIENCES",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017

AU - MAGIC Collaboration

AU - Acciari, V.A.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antonelli, L. A.

AU - Engels, Arbet

AU - Arcaro, C.

AU - Baack, D.

AU - Babić, A.

AU - Banerjee, B.

AU - Bangale, P.

AU - Barres de Almeida, U.

AU - Barrio, J. A.

AU - Bednarek, W

AU - Bernardini, E.

AU - Berti, A

AU - Besenrieder, J

AU - Bhattacharyya, W

AU - Bigongiari, C.

AU - Biland, A

AU - Blanch, O

AU - Bonnoli, G

AU - Carosi, R

AU - Ceribella, G

AU - Cikota, S.

AU - Colak, S M

AU - Colin, P.

AU - Colombo, E.

AU - Contreras, J. L.

AU - Cortina, J.

AU - Covino, S.

AU - D’Elia, V

AU - Da Vela, P.

AU - Dazzi, F

AU - De Angelis, Alessandro

AU - De Lotto, B.

AU - Delfino, M

AU - Delgado, J

AU - Di Pierro, F

AU - Do Souto Espiñera, E.

AU - Domínguez, A.

AU - Dominis Prester, D

AU - Dorner, D

AU - Doro, M.

AU - Einecke, S.

AU - Elsaesser, D.

AU - Fallah Ramazani, V.

AU - Fattorini, L.

AU - Fernández-Barral, A.

AU - Ferrara, G.

AU - Fidalgo, D.

AU - Foﬀano, L.

AU - Fonseca, M.V.

AU - Font, L.

AU - Fruck, C.

AU - Galindo, D.

AU - Gallozzi, S

AU - García López, R.J.

AU - Garczarczyk, M.

AU - Gaug, M.

AU - Giammaria, P.

AU - Godinovic, N.

AU - Guberman, D.

AU - Hadasch, D.

AU - Hahn, A.

AU - Hassan, T.

AU - Herrera, J.

AU - Hoang, J.

AU - Hrupec, D.

AU - Inoue, S.

AU - Ishio, K.

AU - Iwamure, Y.

AU - Kubo, Hidetoshi

AU - Kushida, J.

AU - Kuveždić, D.

AU - Lamastra, A.

AU - Lelas, D.

AU - Leone, F.

AU - Lindfors, E.

AU - Lombardi, S.

AU - Longo, F.

AU - López, M.

AU - López-Oramas, A.

AU - Maggio, C.

AU - Majumdar, P.

AU - Makariev, M.

AU - Maneva, G.

AU - Manganaro, M.

AU - Mannheim, K.

AU - Maraschi, L.

AU - Mariotti, M.

AU - Martínez, M.

AU - Masuda, S.

AU - Mazin, D.

AU - Minev, M.

AU - Miranda, J.M.

AU - Mirzoyan, R.

AU - Molina, E.

AU - Moralejo, A.

AU - Moreno, V.

AU - Moretti, E.

AU - Munar-Adrover, P.

AU - Neustroev, V.

AU - Niedzwiecki, A.

AU - Nievas Rosillo, M.

AU - Nigro, C.

AU - Nilsson, K.

AU - Ninci, D.

AU - Nishijima, K.

AU - Noda, K.

AU - Nogués, L.

AU - Paiano, S.

AU - Palacio, J.

AU - Paneque, D.

AU - Paoletti, R.

AU - Paredes, J.M.

AU - Pedaletti, G.

AU - Peñil, P.

AU - Peresano, M.

AU - Persic, M.

AU - Prada Moroni, P.G.

AU - Prandini, E.

AU - Puljak, I.

AU - Garcia, J.R.

AU - Rhode, W.

AU - Ribó, M.

AU - Rico, J.

AU - Righi, C.

AU - Rugliancich, A.

AU - Saha, L.

AU - Saito, T.

AU - Satalecka, K.

AU - Schweizer, T.

AU - Sitarek, J.

AU - Šnidarić, I.

AU - Sobczynska, D.

AU - Somero, A.

AU - Stamerra, A.

AU - Strzys, M.

AU - Suric, T.

AU - Tavecchio, F.

AU - Temnikov, P.

AU - Terzic, T.

AU - Teshima, M.

AU - Torres-Albà, N.

AU - Tsujimoto, S.

AU - van Scherpenberg, J.

AU - Vanzo, G.

AU - Acosta, M. Vazquez

AU - Vovk, I.

AU - Ward, J.E.

AU - Will, M.

AU - Zarić, D.

AU - Becerra González, J.

AU - Raiteri, C.M.

AU - Sandrinelli, A.

AU - Hovatta, Talvikki

AU - Kiehlmann, Sebastian

AU - Max-Moerbeck, W.

AU - Tornikoski, Merja

AU - Lähteenmäki, Anne

AU - Tammi, Joni

AU - Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh

AU - Thum, C.

AU - Agudo, I.

AU - Molina, S.N.

AU - Gómez, J.L.

AU - Fuentes, A.

AU - Casadio, C.

AU - Traianou, Efthalia

AU - Myserlis, I.

AU - Kim, J.-Y

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - PKS 1510-089 is a flat spectrum radio quasar strongly variable in the optical and GeV range. We search for low-state VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089. We aim to characterize and model the source in a broad-band context, which would provide a baseline over which high states and flares could be better understood. We use daily binned Fermi-LAT flux measurements of PKS 1510-089 to characterize the GeV emission and select the observation periods of MAGIC during low state of activity. For the selected times we compute the average radio, IR, optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray emission to construct a low-state spectral energy distribution of the source. The broadband emission is modelled within an External Compton scenario with a stationary emission region through which plasma and magnetic field are flowing. We perform also the emission-model-independent calculations of the maximum absorption in the broad line region (BLR) using two different models. Results. The MAGIC telescopes collected 75 hrs of data during times when the Fermi-LAT flux measured above 1 GeV was below 3x10-8cm-2s-1, which is the threshold adopted for the definition of a low gamma-ray activity state. The data show a strongly significant (9.5{\sigma}) VHE gamma-ray emission at the level of (4.27+-0.61stat)x10-12cm-2s-1 above 150GeV, a factor 80 smaller than the highest flare observed so far from this object. Despite the lower flux, the spectral shape is consistent with earlier detections in the VHE band. The broad-band emission is compatible with the EC scenario assuming a large emission region located beyond the BLR. For the first time the gamma-ray data allow us to place a limit on the location of the emission region during a low gamma-ray state of a FSRQ. For the used model of the BLR, the 95% C.L. on the location of the emission region allows us to place it at the distance >74% of the outer radius of the BLR.

AB - PKS 1510-089 is a flat spectrum radio quasar strongly variable in the optical and GeV range. We search for low-state VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089. We aim to characterize and model the source in a broad-band context, which would provide a baseline over which high states and flares could be better understood. We use daily binned Fermi-LAT flux measurements of PKS 1510-089 to characterize the GeV emission and select the observation periods of MAGIC during low state of activity. For the selected times we compute the average radio, IR, optical, UV, X-ray and gamma-ray emission to construct a low-state spectral energy distribution of the source. The broadband emission is modelled within an External Compton scenario with a stationary emission region through which plasma and magnetic field are flowing. We perform also the emission-model-independent calculations of the maximum absorption in the broad line region (BLR) using two different models. Results. The MAGIC telescopes collected 75 hrs of data during times when the Fermi-LAT flux measured above 1 GeV was below 3x10-8cm-2s-1, which is the threshold adopted for the definition of a low gamma-ray activity state. The data show a strongly significant (9.5{\sigma}) VHE gamma-ray emission at the level of (4.27+-0.61stat)x10-12cm-2s-1 above 150GeV, a factor 80 smaller than the highest flare observed so far from this object. Despite the lower flux, the spectral shape is consistent with earlier detections in the VHE band. The broad-band emission is compatible with the EC scenario assuming a large emission region located beyond the BLR. For the first time the gamma-ray data allow us to place a limit on the location of the emission region during a low gamma-ray state of a FSRQ. For the used model of the BLR, the 95% C.L. on the location of the emission region allows us to place it at the distance >74% of the outer radius of the BLR.

KW - Galaxies: active

KW - Galaxies: jets

KW - Gamma rays: galaxies

KW - Quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201833618

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201833618

M3 - Article

VL - 619

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

SN - 0004-6361

M1 - A159

ER -

Detection of persistent VHE gamma-ray emission from PKS 1510-089 by the MAGIC telescopes during low states between 2012 and 2017

Abstract

Keywords

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Metsähovi Radio Observatory

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