Coupling the PV array with a standard uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system in commercial buildings

In building-integrated grid-interactive photovoltaic (PV) systems, the PV array is typically connected to the utility grid through a PV inverter, As an alternative to this, coupling the PV array to the DC bus of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system has previously been proposed, Here, it is reconfirmed that the PV array can be directly coupled to a standard off-the-shelf on-line UPS device, Compared to a typical grid-connected PV system, PV-UPS configuration makes use of an existing infrastructure often found in commercial and institutional buildings and may, in favourable conditions, give a significant increase of system performance in terms of economic return on the PV investment.