COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

Ali Ahmad Khostovan; Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe; Mara Salvato; Olivier Ilbert; Caitlin M. Casey; Hiddo Algera; Jacqueline Antwi-Danso; Andrew Battisti; Malte Brinch; Marcella Brusa; Antonello Calabro; Peter L. Capak; Nima Chartab; Olivia R. Cooper; Isa G. Cox; Behnam Darvish; Nicole E. Drakos; Andreas L. Faisst; Matthew R. George; Ghassem Gozaliasl; Santosh Harish; Gunther Hasinger; Hossein Hatamnia; Angela Iovino; Shuowen Jin; Daichi Kashino; Anton M. Koekemoer; Ronaldo Laishram; Khee-Gan Lee; Jitrapon Lertprasertpong; Simon J. Lilly; Daizhong Liu; Daniel C. Masters; Bahram Mobasher; Tohru Nagao; Masato Onodera; Yingjie Peng; David B. Sanders; Ryan L. Sanders; Zahra Sattari; Nick Scoville; Ekta A. Shah; John D. Silverman; Nao Suzuki; Sina Taamoli; Masayuki Tanaka; Lidia A. M. Tasca; Sune Toft; Greta Toni; Benny Trakhtenbrot; Jonathan R. Trump; Mattia Vaccari; Francesco Valentino; Brittany N. Vanderhoof; John R. Weaver; Min S. Yun; Jorge A. Zavala

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

Ali Ahmad Khostovan
, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe
, Mara Salvato
, Olivier Ilbert
, Caitlin M. Casey
, Hiddo Algera
, Jacqueline Antwi-Danso
, Andrew Battisti
, Malte Brinch
, Marcella Brusa
, Antonello Calabro
, Peter L. Capak
, Nima Chartab
, Olivia R. Cooper
, Isa G. Cox
, Behnam Darvish
, Nicole E. Drakos
, Andreas L. Faisst
, Matthew R. George
, Ghassem Gozaliasl

Santosh Harish, Gunther Hasinger, Hossein Hatamnia, Angela Iovino, Shuowen Jin, Daichi Kashino, Anton M. Koekemoer, Ronaldo Laishram, Khee-Gan Lee, Jitrapon Lertprasertpong, Simon J. Lilly, Daizhong Liu, Daniel C. Masters, Bahram Mobasher, Tohru Nagao, Masato Onodera, Yingjie Peng, David B. Sanders, Ryan L. Sanders, Zahra Sattari, Nick Scoville, Ekta A. Shah, John D. Silverman, Nao Suzuki, Sina Taamoli, Masayuki Tanaka, Lidia A. M. Tasca, Sune Toft, Greta Toni, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Jonathan R. Trump, Mattia Vaccari, Francesco Valentino, Brittany N. Vanderhoof, John R. Weaver, Min S. Yun, Jorge A. Zavala

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Abstract

We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing similar to 20 yr of spectroscopic redshifts within a 10 deg(2) area centered on the 2 deg(2) COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 487,666 redshifts of 266,284 unique objects from 138 individual programs up to z similar to 8 with median stellar mass similar to 10(8.4)-10(10) M-circle dot (redshift dependent). Rest-frame NUVrJ colors and star formation rate-stellar mass correlations show that the compilation primarily contains low-to-intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at z < 1.25 and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at z > 2. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion." The full compilation is 50% spectroscopically complete by i similar to 23.4 mag and Ks similar to 21.6 mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is >50% (>30%) complete within the central (outer) region limited to i < 24 mag and K-s < 22.5 mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key subpopulations currently lacking spectroscopic coverage, including z < 1 intermediate-mass quiescent and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, z similar to 2 massive quiescent galaxies, and z > 3 massive star-forming galaxies. This highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases incorporating new spectroscopic redshifts and providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

Original language	English
Article number	6
Number of pages	30
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Volume	282
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2026
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

The authors thank the anonymous referee for their comments and suggestions that aided in enhancing the quality of this work. The authors acknowledge the hard work of all members of each respective program that have made this compilation possible. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 2009572 and by NASA under award No. 80NSSC22K0854. The French contingent of the COSMOS team is partly supported by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). O.I. acknowledges the funding of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche for the project iMAGE (grant ANR-22-CE31-0007). This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (F. Ochsenbein et al. 2000). This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System.

Keywords

Ly-alpha-emitters
Active galactic nucleus
Star-forming galaxies
Emission-line galaxies
Similar-to 1
Massive quiescent galaxies
Near-infrared spectroscopy
Wide-field survey
Evolution survey cosmos
Large-scale structures

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10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

COSMOS_Spectroscopic_Redshift_Compilation_(First_Data_Release)Final published version, 6.09 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Khostovan, A. A., Kartaltepe, J. S., Salvato, M., Ilbert, O., Casey, C. M., Algera, H., Antwi-Danso, J., Battisti, A., Brinch, M., Brusa, M., Calabro, A., Capak, P. L., Chartab, N., Cooper, O. R., Cox, I. G., Darvish, B., Drakos, N. E., Faisst, A. L., George, M. R., ... Zavala, J. A. (2026). COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 282(1), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

@article{b3e2f90369f349debb53abcefaca0087,

title = "COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy",

abstract = "We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing similar to 20 yr of spectroscopic redshifts within a 10 deg(2) area centered on the 2 deg(2) COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 487,666 redshifts of 266,284 unique objects from 138 individual programs up to z similar to 8 with median stellar mass similar to 10(8.4)-10(10) M-circle dot (redshift dependent). Rest-frame NUVrJ colors and star formation rate-stellar mass correlations show that the compilation primarily contains low-to-intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at z < 1.25 and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at z > 2. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as {"}Hyperion.{"} The full compilation is 50\% spectroscopically complete by i similar to 23.4 mag and Ks similar to 21.6 mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is >50\% (>30\%) complete within the central (outer) region limited to i < 24 mag and K-s < 22.5 mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key subpopulations currently lacking spectroscopic coverage, including z < 1 intermediate-mass quiescent and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, z similar to 2 massive quiescent galaxies, and z > 3 massive star-forming galaxies. This highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases incorporating new spectroscopic redshifts and providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.",

keywords = "Ly-alpha-emitters, Active galactic nucleus, Star-forming galaxies, Emission-line galaxies, Similar-to 1, Massive quiescent galaxies, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Wide-field survey, Evolution survey cosmos, Large-scale structures",

author = "Khostovan, \{Ali Ahmad\} and Kartaltepe, \{Jeyhan S.\} and Mara Salvato and Olivier Ilbert and Casey, \{Caitlin M.\} and Hiddo Algera and Jacqueline Antwi-Danso and Andrew Battisti and Malte Brinch and Marcella Brusa and Antonello Calabro and Capak, \{Peter L.\} and Nima Chartab and Cooper, \{Olivia R.\} and Cox, \{Isa G.\} and Behnam Darvish and Drakos, \{Nicole E.\} and Faisst, \{Andreas L.\} and George, \{Matthew R.\} and Ghassem Gozaliasl and Santosh Harish and Gunther Hasinger and Hossein Hatamnia and Angela Iovino and Shuowen Jin and Daichi Kashino and Koekemoer, \{Anton M.\} and Ronaldo Laishram and Khee-Gan Lee and Jitrapon Lertprasertpong and Lilly, \{Simon J.\} and Daizhong Liu and Masters, \{Daniel C.\} and Bahram Mobasher and Tohru Nagao and Masato Onodera and Yingjie Peng and Sanders, \{David B.\} and Sanders, \{Ryan L.\} and Zahra Sattari and Nick Scoville and Shah, \{Ekta A.\} and Silverman, \{John D.\} and Nao Suzuki and Sina Taamoli and Masayuki Tanaka and Tasca, \{Lidia A. M.\} and Sune Toft and Greta Toni and Benny Trakhtenbrot and Trump, \{Jonathan R.\} and Mattia Vaccari and Francesco Valentino and Vanderhoof, \{Brittany N.\} and Weaver, \{John R.\} and Yun, \{Min S.\} and Zavala, \{Jorge A.\}",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9",

language = "English",

volume = "282",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Khostovan, AA, Kartaltepe, JS, Salvato, M, Ilbert, O, Casey, CM, Algera, H, Antwi-Danso, J, Battisti, A, Brinch, M, Brusa, M, Calabro, A, Capak, PL, Chartab, N, Cooper, OR, Cox, IG, Darvish, B, Drakos, NE, Faisst, AL, George, MR, Gozaliasl, G, Harish, S, Hasinger, G, Hatamnia, H, Iovino, A, Jin, S, Kashino, D, Koekemoer, AM, Laishram, R, Lee, K-G, Lertprasertpong, J, Lilly, SJ, Liu, D, Masters, DC, Mobasher, B, Nagao, T, Onodera, M, Peng, Y, Sanders, DB, Sanders, RL, Sattari, Z, Scoville, N, Shah, EA, Silverman, JD, Suzuki, N, Taamoli, S, Tanaka, M, Tasca, LAM, Toft, S, Toni, G, Trakhtenbrot, B, Trump, JR, Vaccari, M, Valentino, F, Vanderhoof, BN, Weaver, JR, Yun, MS & Zavala, JA 2026, 'COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy', Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 282, no. 1, 6. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

TY - JOUR

T1 - COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

AU - Khostovan, Ali Ahmad

AU - Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.

AU - Salvato, Mara

AU - Ilbert, Olivier

AU - Casey, Caitlin M.

AU - Algera, Hiddo

AU - Antwi-Danso, Jacqueline

AU - Battisti, Andrew

AU - Brinch, Malte

AU - Brusa, Marcella

AU - Calabro, Antonello

AU - Capak, Peter L.

AU - Chartab, Nima

AU - Cooper, Olivia R.

AU - Cox, Isa G.

AU - Darvish, Behnam

AU - Drakos, Nicole E.

AU - Faisst, Andreas L.

AU - George, Matthew R.

AU - Gozaliasl, Ghassem

AU - Harish, Santosh

AU - Hasinger, Gunther

AU - Hatamnia, Hossein

AU - Iovino, Angela

AU - Jin, Shuowen

AU - Kashino, Daichi

AU - Koekemoer, Anton M.

AU - Laishram, Ronaldo

AU - Lee, Khee-Gan

AU - Lertprasertpong, Jitrapon

AU - Lilly, Simon J.

AU - Liu, Daizhong

AU - Masters, Daniel C.

AU - Mobasher, Bahram

AU - Nagao, Tohru

AU - Onodera, Masato

AU - Peng, Yingjie

AU - Sanders, David B.

AU - Sanders, Ryan L.

AU - Sattari, Zahra

AU - Scoville, Nick

AU - Shah, Ekta A.

AU - Silverman, John D.

AU - Suzuki, Nao

AU - Taamoli, Sina

AU - Tanaka, Masayuki

AU - Tasca, Lidia A. M.

AU - Toft, Sune

AU - Toni, Greta

AU - Trakhtenbrot, Benny

AU - Trump, Jonathan R.

AU - Vaccari, Mattia

AU - Valentino, Francesco

AU - Vanderhoof, Brittany N.

AU - Weaver, John R.

AU - Yun, Min S.

AU - Zavala, Jorge A.

PY - 2026/1/1

Y1 - 2026/1/1

N2 - We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing similar to 20 yr of spectroscopic redshifts within a 10 deg(2) area centered on the 2 deg(2) COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 487,666 redshifts of 266,284 unique objects from 138 individual programs up to z similar to 8 with median stellar mass similar to 10(8.4)-10(10) M-circle dot (redshift dependent). Rest-frame NUVrJ colors and star formation rate-stellar mass correlations show that the compilation primarily contains low-to-intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at z < 1.25 and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at z > 2. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion." The full compilation is 50% spectroscopically complete by i similar to 23.4 mag and Ks similar to 21.6 mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is >50% (>30%) complete within the central (outer) region limited to i < 24 mag and K-s < 22.5 mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key subpopulations currently lacking spectroscopic coverage, including z < 1 intermediate-mass quiescent and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, z similar to 2 massive quiescent galaxies, and z > 3 massive star-forming galaxies. This highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases incorporating new spectroscopic redshifts and providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

AB - We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing similar to 20 yr of spectroscopic redshifts within a 10 deg(2) area centered on the 2 deg(2) COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 487,666 redshifts of 266,284 unique objects from 138 individual programs up to z similar to 8 with median stellar mass similar to 10(8.4)-10(10) M-circle dot (redshift dependent). Rest-frame NUVrJ colors and star formation rate-stellar mass correlations show that the compilation primarily contains low-to-intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at z < 1.25 and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at z > 2. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion." The full compilation is 50% spectroscopically complete by i similar to 23.4 mag and Ks similar to 21.6 mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is >50% (>30%) complete within the central (outer) region limited to i < 24 mag and K-s < 22.5 mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key subpopulations currently lacking spectroscopic coverage, including z < 1 intermediate-mass quiescent and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, z similar to 2 massive quiescent galaxies, and z > 3 massive star-forming galaxies. This highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases incorporating new spectroscopic redshifts and providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

KW - Ly-alpha-emitters

KW - Active galactic nucleus

KW - Star-forming galaxies

KW - Emission-line galaxies

KW - Similar-to 1

KW - Massive quiescent galaxies

KW - Near-infrared spectroscopy

KW - Wide-field survey

KW - Evolution survey cosmos

KW - Large-scale structures

UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=aalto_pure&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:001643341000001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/ae1cb9

M3 - Article

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 282

JO - Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

IS - 1

M1 - 6

ER -

COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release) : 488,000 Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

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