COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

Ali Ahmad Khostovan; Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe; Mara Salvato; Olivier Ilbert; Caitlin M. Casey; Hiddo Algera; Jacqueline Antwi-Danso; Andrew Battisti; Malte Brinch; Marcella Brusa; Antonello Calabro; Peter L. Capak; Nima Chartab; Olivia R. Cooper; Isa G. Cox; Behnam Darvish; Nicole E. Drakos; Andreas L. Faisst; Matthew R. George; Ghassem Gozaliasl; Santosh Harish; Gunther Hasinger; Hossein Hatamnia; Angela Iovino; Shuowen Jin; Daichi Kashino; Anton M. Koekemoer; Ronaldo Laishram; Khee-Gan Lee; Jitrapon Lertprasertpong; Simon J. Lilly; Daniel C. Masters; Bahram Mobasher; Tohru Nagao; Masato Onodera; Yingjie Peng; David B. Sanders; Ryan L. Sanders; Zahra Sattari; Nick Scoville; Ekta A. Shah; John D. Silverman; Nao Suzuki; Masayuki Tanaka; Sune Toft; Benny Trakhtenbrot; Jonathan R. Trump; Mattia Vaccari; Francesco Valentino; Brittany N. Vanderhoof; John R. Weaver; Min S. Yun; Jorge A. Zavala

COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

Ali Ahmad Khostovan, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Mara Salvato, Olivier Ilbert, Caitlin M. Casey, Hiddo Algera, Jacqueline Antwi-Danso, Andrew Battisti, Malte Brinch, Marcella Brusa, Antonello Calabro, Peter L. Capak, Nima Chartab, Olivia R. Cooper, Isa G. Cox, Behnam Darvish, Nicole E. Drakos, Andreas L. Faisst, Matthew R. George, Ghassem GozaliaslSantosh Harish, Gunther Hasinger, Hossein Hatamnia, Angela Iovino, Shuowen Jin, Daichi Kashino, Anton M. Koekemoer, Ronaldo Laishram, Khee-Gan Lee, Jitrapon Lertprasertpong, Simon J. Lilly, Daniel C. Masters, Bahram Mobasher, Tohru Nagao, Masato Onodera, Yingjie Peng, David B. Sanders, Ryan L. Sanders, Zahra Sattari, Nick Scoville, Ekta A. Shah, John D. Silverman, Nao Suzuki, Masayuki Tanaka, Sune Toft, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Jonathan R. Trump, Mattia Vaccari, Francesco Valentino, Brittany N. Vanderhoof, John R. Weaver, Min S. Yun, Jorge A. Zavala

Department of Computer Science

University of Helsinki

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Abstract

We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing ~ 20 years of spectroscopic redshifts within the 2 deg$^2$ COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 165,312 redshifts of 97,929 unique objects from 108 individual observing programs up to $z \sim 8$ with median stellar mass $\sim 10^{9}$ to $10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ (redshift dependent). Rest-frame $NUVrJ$ colors and SFR -- stellar mass correlations show the compilation primarily contains low- to intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at $z < 1.25$ and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at $z > 2$. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion''. The full compilation is 50\% spectroscopically complete by $i \sim 23.2$ and $K_s \sim 21.3$ mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is $>50$\% complete within the CANDELS area, while the outer regions of COSMOS are $>10$\% complete limited to $i < 24$ mag and $K_S < 22.5$ mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key galaxy subpopulations that currently lack spectroscopic coverage including $z < 1$ intermediate-mass quiescent galaxies and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, $z \sim 2$ massive quiescent galaxies, and $z > 3$ massive star-forming galaxies. This approach highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases that incorporate new spectroscopic redshift measurements, providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

Original language	English
Journal	arXiv.org
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 1 Feb 2025
MoE publication type	B1 Non-refereed journal articles

Keywords

Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies

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http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025arXiv250300120K

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Khostovan, A. A., Kartaltepe, J. S., Salvato, M., Ilbert, O., Casey, C. M., Algera, H., Antwi-Danso, J., Battisti, A., Brinch, M., Brusa, M., Calabro, A., Capak, P. L., Chartab, N., Cooper, O. R., Cox, I. G., Darvish, B., Drakos, N. E., Faisst, A. L., George, M. R., ... Zavala, J. A. (Accepted/In press). COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy. arXiv.org. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025arXiv250300120K

@article{21a9a74162f3449cb1dd9c72cc2d0c99,

title = "COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy",

abstract = "We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing ~ 20 years of spectroscopic redshifts within the 2 deg$^2$ COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 165,312 redshifts of 97,929 unique objects from 108 individual observing programs up to $z \sim 8$ with median stellar mass $\sim 10^{9}$ to $10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ (redshift dependent). Rest-frame $NUVrJ$ colors and SFR -- stellar mass correlations show the compilation primarily contains low- to intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at $z < 1.25$ and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at $z > 2$. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as {"}Hyperion''. The full compilation is 50\% spectroscopically complete by $i \sim 23.2$ and $K_s \sim 21.3$ mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is $>50$\% complete within the CANDELS area, while the outer regions of COSMOS are $>10$\% complete limited to $i < 24$ mag and $K_S < 22.5$ mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key galaxy subpopulations that currently lack spectroscopic coverage including $z < 1$ intermediate-mass quiescent galaxies and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, $z \sim 2$ massive quiescent galaxies, and $z > 3$ massive star-forming galaxies. This approach highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases that incorporate new spectroscopic redshift measurements, providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.",

keywords = "Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies",

author = "Khostovan, {Ali Ahmad} and Kartaltepe, {Jeyhan S.} and Mara Salvato and Olivier Ilbert and Casey, {Caitlin M.} and Hiddo Algera and Jacqueline Antwi-Danso and Andrew Battisti and Malte Brinch and Marcella Brusa and Antonello Calabro and Capak, {Peter L.} and Nima Chartab and Cooper, {Olivia R.} and Cox, {Isa G.} and Behnam Darvish and Drakos, {Nicole E.} and Faisst, {Andreas L.} and George, {Matthew R.} and Ghassem Gozaliasl and Santosh Harish and Gunther Hasinger and Hossein Hatamnia and Angela Iovino and Shuowen Jin and Daichi Kashino and Koekemoer, {Anton M.} and Ronaldo Laishram and Khee-Gan Lee and Jitrapon Lertprasertpong and Lilly, {Simon J.} and Masters, {Daniel C.} and Bahram Mobasher and Tohru Nagao and Masato Onodera and Yingjie Peng and Sanders, {David B.} and Sanders, {Ryan L.} and Zahra Sattari and Nick Scoville and Shah, {Ekta A.} and Silverman, {John D.} and Nao Suzuki and Masayuki Tanaka and Sune Toft and Benny Trakhtenbrot and Trump, {Jonathan R.} and Mattia Vaccari and Francesco Valentino and Vanderhoof, {Brittany N.} and Weaver, {John R.} and Yun, {Min S.} and Zavala, {Jorge A.}",

year = "2025",

month = feb,

day = "1",

language = "English",

journal = "arXiv.org",

issn = "2331-8422",

publisher = "Cornell University",

}

Khostovan, AA, Kartaltepe, JS, Salvato, M, Ilbert, O, Casey, CM, Algera, H, Antwi-Danso, J, Battisti, A, Brinch, M, Brusa, M, Calabro, A, Capak, PL, Chartab, N, Cooper, OR, Cox, IG, Darvish, B, Drakos, NE, Faisst, AL, George, MR, Gozaliasl, G, Harish, S, Hasinger, G, Hatamnia, H, Iovino, A, Jin, S, Kashino, D, Koekemoer, AM, Laishram, R, Lee, K-G, Lertprasertpong, J, Lilly, SJ, Masters, DC, Mobasher, B, Nagao, T, Onodera, M, Peng, Y, Sanders, DB, Sanders, RL, Sattari, Z, Scoville, N, Shah, EA, Silverman, JD, Suzuki, N, Tanaka, M, Toft, S, Trakhtenbrot, B, Trump, JR, Vaccari, M, Valentino, F, Vanderhoof, BN, Weaver, JR, Yun, MS & Zavala, JA 2025, 'COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy', arXiv.org. <http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025arXiv250300120K>

TY - JOUR

T1 - COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

AU - Khostovan, Ali Ahmad

AU - Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.

AU - Salvato, Mara

AU - Ilbert, Olivier

AU - Casey, Caitlin M.

AU - Algera, Hiddo

AU - Antwi-Danso, Jacqueline

AU - Battisti, Andrew

AU - Brinch, Malte

AU - Brusa, Marcella

AU - Calabro, Antonello

AU - Capak, Peter L.

AU - Chartab, Nima

AU - Cooper, Olivia R.

AU - Cox, Isa G.

AU - Darvish, Behnam

AU - Drakos, Nicole E.

AU - Faisst, Andreas L.

AU - George, Matthew R.

AU - Gozaliasl, Ghassem

AU - Harish, Santosh

AU - Hasinger, Gunther

AU - Hatamnia, Hossein

AU - Iovino, Angela

AU - Jin, Shuowen

AU - Kashino, Daichi

AU - Koekemoer, Anton M.

AU - Laishram, Ronaldo

AU - Lee, Khee-Gan

AU - Lertprasertpong, Jitrapon

AU - Lilly, Simon J.

AU - Masters, Daniel C.

AU - Mobasher, Bahram

AU - Nagao, Tohru

AU - Onodera, Masato

AU - Peng, Yingjie

AU - Sanders, David B.

AU - Sanders, Ryan L.

AU - Sattari, Zahra

AU - Scoville, Nick

AU - Shah, Ekta A.

AU - Silverman, John D.

AU - Suzuki, Nao

AU - Tanaka, Masayuki

AU - Toft, Sune

AU - Trakhtenbrot, Benny

AU - Trump, Jonathan R.

AU - Vaccari, Mattia

AU - Valentino, Francesco

AU - Vanderhoof, Brittany N.

AU - Weaver, John R.

AU - Yun, Min S.

AU - Zavala, Jorge A.

PY - 2025/2/1

Y1 - 2025/2/1

N2 - We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing ~ 20 years of spectroscopic redshifts within the 2 deg$^2$ COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 165,312 redshifts of 97,929 unique objects from 108 individual observing programs up to $z \sim 8$ with median stellar mass $\sim 10^{9}$ to $10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ (redshift dependent). Rest-frame $NUVrJ$ colors and SFR -- stellar mass correlations show the compilation primarily contains low- to intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at $z < 1.25$ and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at $z > 2$. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion''. The full compilation is 50\% spectroscopically complete by $i \sim 23.2$ and $K_s \sim 21.3$ mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is $>50$\% complete within the CANDELS area, while the outer regions of COSMOS are $>10$\% complete limited to $i < 24$ mag and $K_S < 22.5$ mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key galaxy subpopulations that currently lack spectroscopic coverage including $z < 1$ intermediate-mass quiescent galaxies and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, $z \sim 2$ massive quiescent galaxies, and $z > 3$ massive star-forming galaxies. This approach highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases that incorporate new spectroscopic redshift measurements, providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

AB - We present the COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation encompassing ~ 20 years of spectroscopic redshifts within the 2 deg$^2$ COSMOS legacy field. This compilation contains 165,312 redshifts of 97,929 unique objects from 108 individual observing programs up to $z \sim 8$ with median stellar mass $\sim 10^{9}$ to $10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ (redshift dependent). Rest-frame $NUVrJ$ colors and SFR -- stellar mass correlations show the compilation primarily contains low- to intermediate-mass star-forming and massive, quiescent galaxies at $z < 1.25$ and mostly low-mass bursty star-forming galaxies at $z > 2$. Sources in the compilation cover a diverse range of environments, including protoclusters such as "Hyperion''. The full compilation is 50\% spectroscopically complete by $i \sim 23.2$ and $K_s \sim 21.3$ mag; however, this is redshift dependent. Spatially, the compilation is $>50$\% complete within the CANDELS area, while the outer regions of COSMOS are $>10$\% complete limited to $i < 24$ mag and $K_S < 22.5$ mag, separately. We demonstrate how the compilation can be used to validate photometric redshifts and investigate calibration metrics. By training self-organizing maps on COSMOS2020/Classic and projecting the compilation onto it, we find key galaxy subpopulations that currently lack spectroscopic coverage including $z < 1$ intermediate-mass quiescent galaxies and low-/intermediate-mass bursty star-forming galaxies, $z \sim 2$ massive quiescent galaxies, and $z > 3$ massive star-forming galaxies. This approach highlights how combining self-organizing maps with our compilation can provide guidance for future spectroscopic observations to get a complete spectroscopic view of galaxy populations. Lastly, the compilation will undergo periodic data releases that incorporate new spectroscopic redshift measurements, providing a lasting legacy resource for the community.

KW - Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies

M3 - Article

SN - 2331-8422

JO - arXiv.org

JF - arXiv.org

ER -

COSMOS Spectroscopic Redshift Compilation (First Data Release): 165k Redshifts Encompassing Two Decades of Spectroscopy

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