TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of Untreated, Lime-Stabilised and Composted Wastewater Sludges from a Pulp, Board and Paper Mill Integrate as a Fertiliser Product
AU - Oksanen, Juha
AU - Pöykiö, Risto
AU - Dahl, Olli
N1 - Funding Information:
kindly performed all chemical analysis. This study was part of the joint research programme NSPPulp funded by TEKES, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (nowadays, Business Finland).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - In this study, the physical and chemical properties of untreated, lime-stabilised and composted wastewater sludges from a Finnish pulp, board and paper mill integrate were compared in order to assess their fertiliser properties based on the requirement of the Finnish Fertilizer Product Decree. Furthermore, the extraction properties of heavy metals in the sludges were assessed by the three-stage sequential extraction procedure of the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) and the solubility indices for heavy metals were calculated in order to evaluate the release potential of elements from the sample (sludge) matrix. The results of this study indicated that the total heavy metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) concentrations in all sludges were lower than the statutory Finnish limit values for fertiliser products. However, the untreated sludge required either lime-stabilisation or composting in order to fulfil the Finnish maximum concentrations of pathogens (coliforms and Escherichia coli) for fertiliser products.
AB - In this study, the physical and chemical properties of untreated, lime-stabilised and composted wastewater sludges from a Finnish pulp, board and paper mill integrate were compared in order to assess their fertiliser properties based on the requirement of the Finnish Fertilizer Product Decree. Furthermore, the extraction properties of heavy metals in the sludges were assessed by the three-stage sequential extraction procedure of the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) and the solubility indices for heavy metals were calculated in order to evaluate the release potential of elements from the sample (sludge) matrix. The results of this study indicated that the total heavy metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) concentrations in all sludges were lower than the statutory Finnish limit values for fertiliser products. However, the untreated sludge required either lime-stabilisation or composting in order to fulfil the Finnish maximum concentrations of pathogens (coliforms and Escherichia coli) for fertiliser products.
KW - BCR sequential extraction
KW - fertiliser
KW - forest industry
KW - pulp and paper mill sludge
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85106611449&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.12911/22998993/135867
DO - 10.12911/22998993/135867
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85106611449
SN - 2299-8993
VL - 22
SP - 47
EP - 58
JO - Journal of Ecological Engineering
JF - Journal of Ecological Engineering
IS - 5
ER -
