Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms

Bing Xue; Katsuyuki Haneda; Clemens Icheln; Lauri Vähä-Savo

doi:10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751

Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms

Bing Xue^*, Katsuyuki Haneda^*, Clemens Icheln^*, Lauri Vähä-Savo^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

In this manuscript, hand effects on cellphone antennas at 5G millimeter-wave frequencies are evaluated through measurements using hand phantoms and are compared with results from electromagnetic simulations. First, two configurations of a dual-polarized 4-element linear antenna array operating at 28 GHz are introduced. One-hand and two-hand physical phantoms and their numerical models for electromagnetic simulations are illustrated. Then, the array evaluation metric, i.e., spherical coverage, is introduced to assess statistics of realized gain across the solid angle. Next, antenna measurement setups are implemented for the two antenna arrays combined with the two physical hand phantoms. Finally, the spherical coverage and the corresponding cumulative distribution function are calculated. Differences in the realized gains derived from simulated and measured antenna arrays are about 1 dB at the median levels of the cumulative distribution. The differences are comparable to those observed when real hands are used in measurements instead of phantom hands [1].

Original language	English
Title of host publication	17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2023
Publisher	IEEE
ISBN (Print)	978-1-6654-7541-9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751
Publication status	Published - 2023
MoE publication type	A4 Conference publication
Event	European Conference on Antennas and Propagation - Florence, Italy, Florence, Italy Duration: 26 Mar 2023 → 31 Mar 2023 Conference number: 17 https://www.eucap2023.org/

Conference

Conference	European Conference on Antennas and Propagation
Abbreviated title	EuCAP
Country/Territory	Italy
City	Florence
Period	26/03/2023 → 31/03/2023
Internet address	https://www.eucap2023.org/

Keywords

Cellphone antenna array
hand phantom
millimeter-wave
spherical coverage
user impacts

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10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751

Comparison_of_Measured_and_Simulated_Radiation_from_5G_Cellphone_Antennas_with_Hand_PhantomsAccepted author manuscript, 1.9 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@inproceedings{1ca2d2c3c2204e94a658e69311f979db,

title = "Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms",

abstract = "In this manuscript, hand effects on cellphone antennas at 5G millimeter-wave frequencies are evaluated through measurements using hand phantoms and are compared with results from electromagnetic simulations. First, two configurations of a dual-polarized 4-element linear antenna array operating at 28 GHz are introduced. One-hand and two-hand physical phantoms and their numerical models for electromagnetic simulations are illustrated. Then, the array evaluation metric, i.e., spherical coverage, is introduced to assess statistics of realized gain across the solid angle. Next, antenna measurement setups are implemented for the two antenna arrays combined with the two physical hand phantoms. Finally, the spherical coverage and the corresponding cumulative distribution function are calculated. Differences in the realized gains derived from simulated and measured antenna arrays are about 1 dB at the median levels of the cumulative distribution. The differences are comparable to those observed when real hands are used in measurements instead of phantom hands [1].",

keywords = "Cellphone antenna array, hand phantom, millimeter-wave, spherical coverage, user impacts",

author = "Bing Xue and Katsuyuki Haneda and Clemens Icheln and Lauri V{\"a}h{\"a}-Savo",

note = "Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The results presented in this paper have been partly supported by the Academy of Finland – NSF joint call pilot “Artificial intelligence and wireless communication technologies”, decision # 345178. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 European Association for Antennas and Propagation.; European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP ; Conference date: 26-03-2023 Through 31-03-2023",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-1-6654-7541-9",

booktitle = "17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2023",

publisher = "IEEE",

address = "United States",

url = "https://www.eucap2023.org/",

}

TY - GEN

T1 - Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms

AU - Xue, Bing

AU - Haneda, Katsuyuki

AU - Icheln, Clemens

AU - Vähä-Savo, Lauri

N1 - Conference code: 17

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - In this manuscript, hand effects on cellphone antennas at 5G millimeter-wave frequencies are evaluated through measurements using hand phantoms and are compared with results from electromagnetic simulations. First, two configurations of a dual-polarized 4-element linear antenna array operating at 28 GHz are introduced. One-hand and two-hand physical phantoms and their numerical models for electromagnetic simulations are illustrated. Then, the array evaluation metric, i.e., spherical coverage, is introduced to assess statistics of realized gain across the solid angle. Next, antenna measurement setups are implemented for the two antenna arrays combined with the two physical hand phantoms. Finally, the spherical coverage and the corresponding cumulative distribution function are calculated. Differences in the realized gains derived from simulated and measured antenna arrays are about 1 dB at the median levels of the cumulative distribution. The differences are comparable to those observed when real hands are used in measurements instead of phantom hands [1].

AB - In this manuscript, hand effects on cellphone antennas at 5G millimeter-wave frequencies are evaluated through measurements using hand phantoms and are compared with results from electromagnetic simulations. First, two configurations of a dual-polarized 4-element linear antenna array operating at 28 GHz are introduced. One-hand and two-hand physical phantoms and their numerical models for electromagnetic simulations are illustrated. Then, the array evaluation metric, i.e., spherical coverage, is introduced to assess statistics of realized gain across the solid angle. Next, antenna measurement setups are implemented for the two antenna arrays combined with the two physical hand phantoms. Finally, the spherical coverage and the corresponding cumulative distribution function are calculated. Differences in the realized gains derived from simulated and measured antenna arrays are about 1 dB at the median levels of the cumulative distribution. The differences are comparable to those observed when real hands are used in measurements instead of phantom hands [1].

KW - Cellphone antenna array

KW - hand phantom

KW - millimeter-wave

KW - spherical coverage

KW - user impacts

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85162209963&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751

DO - 10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133751

M3 - Conference article in proceedings

AN - SCOPUS:85162209963

SN - 978-1-6654-7541-9

BT - 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2023

PB - IEEE

T2 - European Conference on Antennas and Propagation

Y2 - 26 March 2023 through 31 March 2023

ER -

Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms

Abstract

Conference

Keywords

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AKA-NSF-Haneda: Impact of user, environment, and artificial surfaces on above-100 GHz wireless communications

Aalto Electronics-ICT

Cite this

Comparison of Measured and Simulated Radiation from 5G Cellphone Antennas with Hand Phantoms

Abstract

Conference

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

AKA-NSF-Haneda: Impact of user, environment, and artificial surfaces on above-100 GHz wireless communications

Equipment

Aalto Electronics-ICT

Cite this