Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO                         
                        2
                                                  emission

Yun Li; Shenghai Yang; Wenrong Lin; Pekka Taskinen; Jing He; Yuejun Wang; Junjie Shi; Yongming Chen; Chaobo Tang; Ari Jokilaakso

doi:10.3390/min9020119

Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO ₂ emission

Yun Li, Shenghai Yang, Wenrong Lin, Pekka Taskinen, Jing He, Yuejun Wang, Junjie Shi, Yongming Chen^*, Chaobo Tang, Ari Jokilaakso

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

235 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing wastes were employed as reductive agent and sulfur-fixing agent, respectively. A Na ₂ CO ₃ -Na ₂ SO ₄ mixture was added as flux. The feasibility of this process was detected from thermodynamic and experimental perspectives. The influence of Fe/SiO ₂ and CaO/SiO ₂ , composition of the molten salt, coke addition, smelting temperature, and smelting time on direct Pb recovery and sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows: W _Coke = 15%W _{Pb wastes} ,W _Na2CO3 /W _Na2SO4 = 0.7/0.3, Fe/SiO2 = 1.10, CaO/SiO ₂ = 0.30, smelting temperature 1200 °C, and smelting time 2 h, where W represents weight. Under these optimum conditions, 92.4% Pb and 98.8% Ag were directly recovered in crude lead bullion in one step treatment, and total 98.6% sulfur was fixed. The generation and emissions of SO2 can be avoided. The main phases in ferrous matte obtained were FeS, NaFeS ₂ , Fe ₂ Zn ₃ S ₅ , and a little entrained Pb. The slag was a FeO-SiO ₂ -CaO-Na ₂ O quaternary melt.

Original language	English
Article number	119
Number of pages	15
Journal	Minerals
Volume	9
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/min9020119
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2019
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Lead recycling
Lead-iron-containing wastes
Molten salt
PbO-FeO-SiO -CaO-Na O phase diagram
SO -free sulfur fixing smelting
Wastes co-treatment and recycling

Access to Document

10.3390/min9020119Licence: CC BY

CHEM_Li_Yun_et_al_Cleaner_extraction_of_lead_2019_MineralsFinal published version, 4.59 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Li, Y., Yang, S., Lin, W., Taskinen, P., He, J., Wang, Y., Shi, J., Chen, Y., Tang, C., & Jokilaakso, A. (2019). Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO ₂ emission. Minerals, 9(2), Article 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9020119

@article{4c2d35e47eb3410cb699838d94bbde6e,

title = "Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO 2 emission",

abstract = " A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing wastes were employed as reductive agent and sulfur-fixing agent, respectively. A Na 2 CO 3 -Na 2 SO 4 mixture was added as flux. The feasibility of this process was detected from thermodynamic and experimental perspectives. The influence of Fe/SiO 2 and CaO/SiO 2 , composition of the molten salt, coke addition, smelting temperature, and smelting time on direct Pb recovery and sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows: W Coke = 15%W Pb wastes ,W Na2CO3 /W Na2SO4 = 0.7/0.3, Fe/SiO2 = 1.10, CaO/SiO 2 = 0.30, smelting temperature 1200 °C, and smelting time 2 h, where W represents weight. Under these optimum conditions, 92.4% Pb and 98.8% Ag were directly recovered in crude lead bullion in one step treatment, and total 98.6% sulfur was fixed. The generation and emissions of SO2 can be avoided. The main phases in ferrous matte obtained were FeS, NaFeS 2 , Fe 2 Zn 3 S 5 , and a little entrained Pb. The slag was a FeO-SiO 2 -CaO-Na 2 O quaternary melt. ",

keywords = "Lead recycling, Lead-iron-containing wastes, Molten salt, PbO-FeO-SiO -CaO-Na O phase diagram, SO -free sulfur fixing smelting, Wastes co-treatment and recycling",

author = "Yun Li and Shenghai Yang and Wenrong Lin and Pekka Taskinen and Jing He and Yuejun Wang and Junjie Shi and Yongming Chen and Chaobo Tang and Ari Jokilaakso",

year = "2019",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3390/min9020119",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

journal = "Minerals",

issn = "2075-163X",

publisher = "MDPI AG",

number = "2",

}

Li, Y, Yang, S, Lin, W, Taskinen, P, He, J, Wang, Y, Shi, J, Chen, Y, Tang, C & Jokilaakso, A 2019, 'Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO ₂ emission', Minerals, vol. 9, no. 2, 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9020119

Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO ₂ emission. / Li, Yun; Yang, Shenghai; Lin, Wenrong et al.
In: Minerals, Vol. 9, No. 2, 119, 01.02.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO 2 emission

AU - Li, Yun

AU - Yang, Shenghai

AU - Lin, Wenrong

AU - Taskinen, Pekka

AU - He, Jing

AU - Wang, Yuejun

AU - Shi, Junjie

AU - Chen, Yongming

AU - Tang, Chaobo

AU - Jokilaakso, Ari

PY - 2019/2/1

Y1 - 2019/2/1

N2 - A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing wastes were employed as reductive agent and sulfur-fixing agent, respectively. A Na 2 CO 3 -Na 2 SO 4 mixture was added as flux. The feasibility of this process was detected from thermodynamic and experimental perspectives. The influence of Fe/SiO 2 and CaO/SiO 2 , composition of the molten salt, coke addition, smelting temperature, and smelting time on direct Pb recovery and sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows: W Coke = 15%W Pb wastes ,W Na2CO3 /W Na2SO4 = 0.7/0.3, Fe/SiO2 = 1.10, CaO/SiO 2 = 0.30, smelting temperature 1200 °C, and smelting time 2 h, where W represents weight. Under these optimum conditions, 92.4% Pb and 98.8% Ag were directly recovered in crude lead bullion in one step treatment, and total 98.6% sulfur was fixed. The generation and emissions of SO2 can be avoided. The main phases in ferrous matte obtained were FeS, NaFeS 2 , Fe 2 Zn 3 S 5 , and a little entrained Pb. The slag was a FeO-SiO 2 -CaO-Na 2 O quaternary melt.

AB - A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing wastes were employed as reductive agent and sulfur-fixing agent, respectively. A Na 2 CO 3 -Na 2 SO 4 mixture was added as flux. The feasibility of this process was detected from thermodynamic and experimental perspectives. The influence of Fe/SiO 2 and CaO/SiO 2 , composition of the molten salt, coke addition, smelting temperature, and smelting time on direct Pb recovery and sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows: W Coke = 15%W Pb wastes ,W Na2CO3 /W Na2SO4 = 0.7/0.3, Fe/SiO2 = 1.10, CaO/SiO 2 = 0.30, smelting temperature 1200 °C, and smelting time 2 h, where W represents weight. Under these optimum conditions, 92.4% Pb and 98.8% Ag were directly recovered in crude lead bullion in one step treatment, and total 98.6% sulfur was fixed. The generation and emissions of SO2 can be avoided. The main phases in ferrous matte obtained were FeS, NaFeS 2 , Fe 2 Zn 3 S 5 , and a little entrained Pb. The slag was a FeO-SiO 2 -CaO-Na 2 O quaternary melt.

KW - Lead recycling

KW - Lead-iron-containing wastes

KW - Molten salt

KW - PbO-FeO-SiO -CaO-Na O phase diagram

KW - SO -free sulfur fixing smelting

KW - Wastes co-treatment and recycling

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062827547&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/min9020119

DO - 10.3390/min9020119

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85062827547

SN - 2075-163X

VL - 9

JO - Minerals

JF - Minerals

IS - 2

M1 - 119

ER -

Cleaner extraction of lead from complex lead-containing wastes by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting with low SO ₂ emission

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this