TY - JOUR
T1 - Best Practice for Reporting Wet Mechanical Properties of Nanocellulose-Based Materials
AU - Walther, Andreas
AU - Lossada, Francisco
AU - Benselfelt, Tobias
AU - Kriechbaum, Konstantin
AU - Berglund, Lars
AU - Ikkala, Olli
AU - Saito, Tsuguyuki
AU - Wågberg, Lars
AU - Bergström, Lennart
PY - 2020/6/8
Y1 - 2020/6/8
N2 - Nanocellulose-based materials and nanocomposites show extraordinary mechanical properties with high stiffness, strength, and toughness. Although the last decade has witnessed great progress in understanding the mechanical properties of these materials, a crucial challenge is to identify pathways to introduce high wet strength, which is a critical parameter for commercial applications. Because of the waterborne fabrication methods, nanocellulose-based materials are prone to swelling by both adsorption of moist air or liquid water. Unfortunately, there is currently no best practice on how to take the swelling into account when reporting mechanical properties at different relative humidity or when measuring the mechanical properties of fully hydrated materials. This limits and in parts fully prevents comparisons between different studies. We review current approaches and propose a best practice for measuring and reporting mechanical properties of wet nanocellulose-based materials, highlighting the importance of swelling and the correlation between mechanical properties and volume expansion.
AB - Nanocellulose-based materials and nanocomposites show extraordinary mechanical properties with high stiffness, strength, and toughness. Although the last decade has witnessed great progress in understanding the mechanical properties of these materials, a crucial challenge is to identify pathways to introduce high wet strength, which is a critical parameter for commercial applications. Because of the waterborne fabrication methods, nanocellulose-based materials are prone to swelling by both adsorption of moist air or liquid water. Unfortunately, there is currently no best practice on how to take the swelling into account when reporting mechanical properties at different relative humidity or when measuring the mechanical properties of fully hydrated materials. This limits and in parts fully prevents comparisons between different studies. We review current approaches and propose a best practice for measuring and reporting mechanical properties of wet nanocellulose-based materials, highlighting the importance of swelling and the correlation between mechanical properties and volume expansion.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086052320&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00330
DO - 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00330
M3 - Article
C2 - 32233473
AN - SCOPUS:85086052320
SN - 1525-7797
VL - 21
SP - 2536
EP - 2540
JO - Biomacromolecules
JF - Biomacromolecules
IS - 6
ER -